(b) The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Protocol Model describes seven  protocol layers: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network,  Data Link, and Physical. Describe briefly what are the responsibilities of  the Network layer. Give an example of Network layer protocol and explain  its main characteristics.  (c) Suppose that web server A sends a hypertext document to a web browser  in machine B. Describe briefly what happens at each protocol layer. What  does encapsulation mean in the context of network protocols?  (d) Two well-known protocols at the Transport layer are the Transmission  Control Protocol (TCP), and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Explain  their key features and differences.

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A: Thea above question is solved in step 2 :-

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Types Of Protocols

A network protocol is a collection of rules that governs the exchange of data between devices connected to the same network. In other words, network protocols are rules that specify how devices communicate or transfer data over a network. The sender and receiver systems must obey the standards to facilitate communication between them.