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b) Rank by number of C-C bonds that can freely rotate. Use

b) Rank by number of C-C bonds that can freely rotate. Use

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Question:** b) Rank by number of C-C bonds that can freely rotate. Use a "1" for the highest number of freely rotatable bonds, followed by a "2," then a "3" for the lowest number. **Diagrams:** 1. **First Structure (Left):** An open-chain alkane representation with several freely rotatable C-C single bonds depicted as a zigzag line. This indicates the presence of multiple rotatable bonds, typical for linear or branched alkanes. 2. **Second Structure (Middle):** A square shape representing a cycloalkane. In this cyclic structure, the C-C bonds are part of a ring, which restricts their rotation. Therefore, the number of freely rotatable bonds is fewer than in open-chain structures. 3. **Third Structure (Right):** Another square, similar to the second structure, possibly indicating a rigid cycloalkane with restricted C-C bond rotation. **Ranking Explanation:** - **Rank 1:** The open-chain alkane (First Structure) likely has the highest number of freely rotatable C-C bonds due to its linear nature, which is less constrained compared to cyclic structures. - **Rank 2 and 3:** The two square shapes (Second and Third Structures) are cycloalkanes and are expected to have the same restricted rotation of C-C bonds. However, the problem might imply subtle differences not visually apparent, which could be determined by additional chemical context not provided in the diagrams. If structurally identical, they might both share the same ranking for having the lowest number of freely rotatable bonds.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** b) Rank by number of C-C bonds that can freely rotate. Use a "1" for the highest number of freely rotatable bonds, followed by a "2," then a "3" for the lowest number. **Diagrams:** 1. **First Structure (Left):** An open-chain alkane representation with several freely rotatable C-C single bonds depicted as a zigzag line. This indicates the presence of multiple rotatable bonds, typical for linear or branched alkanes. 2. **Second Structure (Middle):** A square shape representing a cycloalkane. In this cyclic structure, the C-C bonds are part of a ring, which restricts their rotation. Therefore, the number of freely rotatable bonds is fewer than in open-chain structures. 3. **Third Structure (Right):** Another square, similar to the second structure, possibly indicating a rigid cycloalkane with restricted C-C bond rotation. **Ranking Explanation:** - **Rank 1:** The open-chain alkane (First Structure) likely has the highest number of freely rotatable C-C bonds due to its linear nature, which is less constrained compared to cyclic structures. - **Rank 2 and 3:** The two square shapes (Second and Third Structures) are cycloalkanes and are expected to have the same restricted rotation of C-C bonds. However, the problem might imply subtle differences not visually apparent, which could be determined by additional chemical context not provided in the diagrams. If structurally identical, they might both share the same ranking for having the lowest number of freely rotatable bonds.
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