Ay Inc sells three products. The budgeted fixed cost per month is $500,000. The budgeted contribution to sales ratio (C/S ratio) and sales mix per month are as follows: Product Sales mix C/S ratio Loop 38% 22% Moop 40% 35% Noop 22% 43% What is the breakeven sales revenue per month? Show all workings
Ay Inc sells three products. The budgeted fixed cost per month is $500,000. The budgeted contribution to sales ratio (C/S ratio) and sales mix per month are as follows: Product Sales mix C/S ratio Loop 38% 22% Moop 40% 35% Noop 22% 43% What is the breakeven sales revenue per month? Show all workings
Essentials Of Investments
11th Edition
ISBN:9781260013924
Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Publisher:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Chapter1: Investments: Background And Issues
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PS
Related questions
Question
Conglomerate Inc is a multinational business that owns many companies in many different countries. All the companies use the $ as their currency. Each of the five scenarios is independent of the others.
Requirement 1
Ay Inc sells three products. The budgeted fixed cost per month is $500,000. The budgeted contribution to sales ratio (C/S ratio) and sales mix per month are as follows:
|
Product |
Sales mix |
C/S ratio |
|
Loop |
38% |
22% |
|
Moop |
40% |
35% |
|
Noop |
22% |
43% |
What is the breakeven sales revenue per month? Show all workings
Requirement 2
Bee Inc manufactures and sells a single product (‘the dazzler’) $30 per unit. In August, budgeted volume was 80,000 units, the margin of safety was 27% and the budgeted contribution to sales ratio was 32%.
What were the budgeted fixed costs for August? Show all workings
Requirement 3
Cee Inc sells vitamin tablets and vitamin supplements. The tablets are sold every week and the supplements are sold every month. The unit costs for each are:
|
|
Vitamin tablets ($) |
Vitamin supplements ($) |
|
Selling Price |
3.00 |
6.00 |
|
Direct Materials: ingredients |
0.70 |
1.20 |
|
Direct Materials: packaging |
0.35 |
0.50 |
|
Direct Labour |
0.10 |
0.30 |
|
Variable overhead |
0.20 |
0.40 |
|
Fixed overhead |
1.10 |
1.30 |
Budgeted production is 1,500 units per week of the vitamin tablets and 3,200 units per month of the vitamin supplements.
If the vitamin tablets and vitamin supplements are sold in their budgeted mix, what is the budgeted breakeven revenue? Show all workings.
Requirement 4
Dee Inc manufactures and sells three products, the alpha, the gamma and the epsilon. Data on the three products is as follows:
|
|
Alpha |
Gamma |
Epsilon |
|
|
$ |
$ |
$ |
|
Financial |
|
|
|
|
Selling price |
104 |
98 |
112 |
|
Direct materials |
30 |
36 |
26 |
|
Direct labour ($18 per hour) |
36 |
27 |
54 |
|
Variable overhead |
12 |
9 |
18 |
|
Other: |
|
|
|
|
|
Units |
Units |
Units |
|
Expected demand |
4,000 |
3,000 |
1,200 |
At present, there are only 12,000 labour hours available.
How will these products be ranked in order to determine the optimum production plan? Show all workings.
Requirement 5
One of the managers at Eee Inc has made the following statements about cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis:
- CVP analysis allows for fluctuating selling
- CVP analysis assumes productivity remains
- CVP analysis assumes that the only factor affecting cost is volume
Which of the above statements is/are false?
![Financial ratios
Creditors days
Working capital
Cost of capital
Gross margin (%)
Economic order quantity (EOQ)
Cost of equity
Trade payables
Gross profit
x 365
Purchases
× 100
2DC
ke =
Do(1+g)
+ g
Po
Revenue
or
H
Operating margin (%)
Trade creditors
or
Operating profit
x 100
x 365
Cash management (1)
Purchases
ke = R, + B(Rm – R;)
Revenue
If 'Purchases' figure not available, use 'Cost of sales
2NF
Z =
Return on capital employed (%)
Financial gearing (%)
WACC
Cash management (2)
Ve
ke:
Ve+Va
Va
+ ka (1 – t)
Operating profit
x 100
Long-term debt
Shareholders equity + Long-term debt
x 100
Ve+Va
Long-term debt + Shareholders equity
Return on equity (%)
S = 3
Parity theory
Interest cover (times)
Operating profit
Interest charges
Profit after taxation
x 100
Learning curve
PPPT
Shareholders equity
(1+ir)
Return on total assets (%)
y = axb
S1 = So
(1+in)
Earnings per share (EPS)
Profit after taxation
Variances
x 100
IRPT
Profit after taxation
Total assets
Number of ordinary shares in issue
Sales price
(1+if)
Asset turnover
Price I earnings ratio (PIE)
(Actual selling price – Budgeted selling price) x Actual units sold
Fo = So
(1+in)
Revenue
Share price
Financial arithmetic
Total assets
Sales volume
Earnings per share
Current ratio
(Actual units sold – Budgeted quantity) x Budgeted contribution per unit
Effective annual rate of interest
Earnings yield
Current assets
Material price
[1+"-1
Current liabilities
Earnings per share
Quick test (acid ratio)
(Budgeted cost – Actual cost) x Actual quantity used
Share price
Present value of I
Current assets - Inventory
Dividend per share (DPS)
Material usage
[1+ r]-"
Present value of an annuity of I
Current liabilities
Total dividends for the period
(Budgeted quantity – Actual quantity) x Budgeted cost per unit
Working capital turnover
Number of ordinary shares in issue
Labour rate
Revenue
Dividend cover
1-(1+r)-"
Net working capital
(Budgeted rate – Actual rate) x Actual time taken
Profit after taxation
Inventory turnover
Labour efficiency
Total dividends for the period
(Budgeted time - Actual time taken) x Budgeted rate
Cost of sales
Dividend payout (%)
Inventory
Total dividends for the period
Variable overhead rate
Inventory days
x 100
Profit after taxation
(Budgeted rate – Actual rate) x Actual time taken
Inventory
x 365
or
Cost of sales
Variable overhead efficiency
DPS
Debtors days
× 100
(Budgeted time - Actual time taken) x Budgeted rate
EPS
Dividend yield
Trade receivables
x 365
Fixed overhead expenditure
Revenue
Dividend per share
(Budgeted fixed overhead – Actual fixed overhead)
or
Share price
Trade debtors
x 365
Revenue](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F20e89e84-1f9d-4d0d-a210-ee26b38b2d2b%2Fa2eba5fc-e4f4-44a2-85c8-6d5b497286be%2Fh13zvk_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Financial ratios
Creditors days
Working capital
Cost of capital
Gross margin (%)
Economic order quantity (EOQ)
Cost of equity
Trade payables
Gross profit
x 365
Purchases
× 100
2DC
ke =
Do(1+g)
+ g
Po
Revenue
or
H
Operating margin (%)
Trade creditors
or
Operating profit
x 100
x 365
Cash management (1)
Purchases
ke = R, + B(Rm – R;)
Revenue
If 'Purchases' figure not available, use 'Cost of sales
2NF
Z =
Return on capital employed (%)
Financial gearing (%)
WACC
Cash management (2)
Ve
ke:
Ve+Va
Va
+ ka (1 – t)
Operating profit
x 100
Long-term debt
Shareholders equity + Long-term debt
x 100
Ve+Va
Long-term debt + Shareholders equity
Return on equity (%)
S = 3
Parity theory
Interest cover (times)
Operating profit
Interest charges
Profit after taxation
x 100
Learning curve
PPPT
Shareholders equity
(1+ir)
Return on total assets (%)
y = axb
S1 = So
(1+in)
Earnings per share (EPS)
Profit after taxation
Variances
x 100
IRPT
Profit after taxation
Total assets
Number of ordinary shares in issue
Sales price
(1+if)
Asset turnover
Price I earnings ratio (PIE)
(Actual selling price – Budgeted selling price) x Actual units sold
Fo = So
(1+in)
Revenue
Share price
Financial arithmetic
Total assets
Sales volume
Earnings per share
Current ratio
(Actual units sold – Budgeted quantity) x Budgeted contribution per unit
Effective annual rate of interest
Earnings yield
Current assets
Material price
[1+"-1
Current liabilities
Earnings per share
Quick test (acid ratio)
(Budgeted cost – Actual cost) x Actual quantity used
Share price
Present value of I
Current assets - Inventory
Dividend per share (DPS)
Material usage
[1+ r]-"
Present value of an annuity of I
Current liabilities
Total dividends for the period
(Budgeted quantity – Actual quantity) x Budgeted cost per unit
Working capital turnover
Number of ordinary shares in issue
Labour rate
Revenue
Dividend cover
1-(1+r)-"
Net working capital
(Budgeted rate – Actual rate) x Actual time taken
Profit after taxation
Inventory turnover
Labour efficiency
Total dividends for the period
(Budgeted time - Actual time taken) x Budgeted rate
Cost of sales
Dividend payout (%)
Inventory
Total dividends for the period
Variable overhead rate
Inventory days
x 100
Profit after taxation
(Budgeted rate – Actual rate) x Actual time taken
Inventory
x 365
or
Cost of sales
Variable overhead efficiency
DPS
Debtors days
× 100
(Budgeted time - Actual time taken) x Budgeted rate
EPS
Dividend yield
Trade receivables
x 365
Fixed overhead expenditure
Revenue
Dividend per share
(Budgeted fixed overhead – Actual fixed overhead)
or
Share price
Trade debtors
x 365
Revenue
Transcribed Image Text:Present Value and Annuity Tables
Table I: Present value tables
Present value of I = (1 + r)¯"
Present value of I = (1 + r)¯n
r = discount rate
r= discount rate
n = number of periods
n = number of periods
Periods 1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
Periods I1%
1 2%
13%
14%
1%
16%
17%
18%
19%
20%
0.990 0.980 0.971
0.962 0.952 0.943 0.935 0.926 0.917 0.909
0.901 0.893 0.885 0.877 0.870 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833
0.980 0.961
0.943
0.925
0.907
0.890 0.873 0.857
0.842 0.826
2
0.812 0.797 0.783 0.769 0.756 0.743 0.731 0.718 0.706 0.694
3
0.971
0.942
0.915 0.889 0.864 0.840 0.816 0.794 0.772 0.751
3
0.731
0.712 0.693 0.675 0.658 0.641 0.624 0.609 0.593 0.579
4
0.961 0.924 0.888 0.855 0.823
0.792 0.763 0.735 0.708 0.683
4
0.659 0.636 0.613 0.592 0.572 0.552 0.534 0.516 0.499 0.482
0.951 0.906
0.863
0.822 0.784 0.747
0.713
0.681
0.650
0.621
5
0.593 0.567 0.543 0.519 0.497 0.476 0.456 0.437 0.419 0.402
6
0.942 0.888 0.837 0.790 0.746 0.705
0.666 0.630 0.596
0.564
6
0.535 0.507 0.480 0.456 0.432 0.410 0.390 0.370 0.352 0.335
7
0.933 0.871 0.813
0.760 0.71|
0.665 0.623
0.583 0.547 0.513
7
0.482 0.452 0.425 0.400 0.376 0.354 0.333 0.314 0.296 0.279
8
0.923 0.853 0.789 0.731
0.677 0.627 0.582 0.540 0.502 0.467
8.
0.434 0.404 0.376 0.351 0.327 0.305 0.285 0.266 0.249 0.233
9
0.914 0.837 0.766 0.703 0.645 0.592 0.544 0.500 0.460 0.424
9
0.391
0.361 0.333 0.308 0.284 0.263 0.243 0.225 0.209 0.194
10
0.905 0.820 0.744 0.676 0.614 0.558 0.508 0.463 0.422
0.386
10
0.352 0.322 0.295 0.270 0.247 0.227 0.208 0.191 0.176 0.162
0.896 0.804
0.722
0.650 0.585 0.527 0.475 0.429 0.388
0.350
||
0.317 0.287 0.261 0.237 0.215 0.195 0.178 0.162 0.148 0.135
12
0.887 0.788 0.701
0.625 0.557 0.497 0.444 0.397 0.356 0.319
12
0.286 0.257 0.231 0.208 0.187 0.168 0.152 0.137 0.124 0.112
13
0.879 0.773 0.681
0.601
0.530 0.469 0.415 0.368
0.326 0.290
13
0.258 0.229 0.204 0.182 0.163 0.145 0.130 0.116 0.104 0.093
14
0.870 0.758 0.661
0.577 0.505 0.442 0.388 0.340 0.299 0.263
14
0.232 0.205 0.181
0.160 0.141
0.125 0.11| 0.099 0.088 0.078
15
0.861
0.743 0.642
0.555
0.481
0.417 0.362
0.315 0.275 0.239
15
0.209 0.183 0.160 0.140 0.123 0.108 0.095 0.084 0.074 0.065
16
0.853 0.728 0.623
0.534
0.458 0.394 0.339 0.292 0.252 0.218
16
0.188 0.163 0.141 0.123 0.107 0.093 0.081 0.071 0.062 0.054
17
0.844 0.714 0.605 0.513 0.436 0.371 0.317 0.270 0.231
0.198
17
0.170 0.146 0.125 0.108 0.093 0.080 0.069 0.060 0.052 0.045
18
0.836 0.700 0.587 0.494 0.416 0.350 0.296 0.250 0.212 0.180
18
0.153 0.130 0.1|I
0.095 0.081
0.069 0.059 0.051
0.044 0.038
19
0.828 0.686
0.570 0.475
0.396 0.331
0.277
0.232
0.194 0.164
19
0.138 0.116 0.098 0.083 0.070 0.060 0.051
0.043 0.037 0.031
20
0.820 0.673
0.554 0.456 0.377 0.312 0.258 0.215 0.178 0.149
20
0.124 0.104 0.087 0.073 0.061 0.051 0.043
0.037 0.031
0.026
Table 2: Annuity tables
Present value of an annuity of I =
1-(1+r)-n
1-(1-r)-n
Present value of an annuity of =
r = discount rate
r = discount rate
n = number of periods
n = number of periods
Periods I1%
12%
13%
14%
15%
16%
17%
18%
19%
20%
Periods 1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
0.901 0.893 0.885 0.877 0.870 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833
0.990
0.980
0.971
0.962
0.952
0.943
0.935
0.926 0.917 0.909
2
1.713 1.690 1.668 1.647 1.626 1.605 1.585 1.566 1.547 1.528
2
1.970
1.942
1.913
1.886
1.859
1.833
1.808
1.783 1.759 1.736
3
2.444 2.402 2.361 2.322 2.283 2.246 2.210 2.174 2.140 2.106
3
2.941
2.884
2.829
2.775
2.723
2.673
2.624
2.577 2.531 2.487
4
3.902
3.808
3.717
3.630
3.546
3.465
3.387
3.312 3.240 3.170
4
3.102 3.037 2.974 2.914 2.855 2.798 2.743 2.690 2.639 2.589
4.853
4.713
4.580
4.452
4.329
4.212
4. 100
3.993 3.890 3.791
3.696 3.605 3.517 3.433 3.352 3.274 3.199 3.127 3.058 2.991
6
5.795
5.601
5.417
5.242
5.076
4.917
4.767
4.623 4.486 4.355
6
4.231 4.111 3.998 3.889 3.784 3.685 3.589 3.498 3.410 3.326
6.728
6.472
6.230
6.002
5.786
5.582
5.389
5.206 5.033 4.868
7
4.712 4.564 4.423 4.288 4.160 4.039 3.922 3.812 3.706 3.605
8
7.652
7.325
7.020
6.733
6.463
6.210
5.97|
5.747 5.535 5.335
8
5.146 4.968 4.799 4.639 4.487 4.344 4.207 4.078 3.954 3.837
9
8.566
8.162
7.786
7.435
7.108
6.802
6.515
6.247 5.995 5.759
5.537 5.328 5.132 4.946 4.772 4.607
4.45I
4.303 4.163 4.031
10
9.471
8.983
8.530
8.111
7.722
7.360
7.024
6.710 6.418 6.145
10
5.889 5.650 5.426 5.216 5.019 4.833 4.659 4.494 4.339 4.192
10.368 9.787
9.253
8.760
8.306
7.887
7.499
7.139 6.805
6.495
||
6.207 5.938 5.687
5.453 5.234 5.029 4.836 4.656 4.486 4.327
12
I1.255 10.575
9.954
9.385
8.863
8.384
7.943
7.536 7.161 6.814
13
12.134 |1.348 10.635 9.986
9.394
8.853
8.358
7.904 7.487 7.103
12
6.492 6.194 5.918 5.660 5.421 5.197 4.988 4.793 4.6||
4.439
14
13.004 12.106 11.296 10.563 9.899
9.295
8.745
8.244 7.786 7.367
13
6.750 6.424 6.122 5.842 5.583 5.342 5.118 4.910 4.715 4.533
15
13.865 12.849
11.938 II.118 10.380 9.712
9. 108
8.559 8.06I 7.606
14
6.982 6.628 6.302 6.002 5.724 5.468 5.229 5.008 4.802 4.61|
16
14.718 13.578 12.561
11.652
10.838 10.106 9.447
8.85 8.313 7.824
15
7.191 6.811 6.462 6.142 5.847 5.575 5.324 5.092 4.876 4.675
17
15.562 14.292 13.166 12.166 I1.274 10.477 9.763
9.122 8.544 8.022
16
7.379 6.974 6.604 6.265 5.954 5.668 5.405 5.162 4.938
4.730
18
16.398 14.992
13.754 12.659 |1.690 10.828 10.059
9.372 8.756 8.201
17
7.549 7.120 6.729
6.373
6.047 5.749 5.475 5.222 4.990 4.775
19
17.226 15.678
14.324 13.134
12.085 11.158 10.336 9.604 8.950 8.365
18
7.702 7.250 6.840 6.467 6.128 5.818 5.534 5.273 5.033 4.812
20
18.046 16.351
14.877 13.590
12.462 |1.47O 10.594
9.818 9.129 8.514
19
7.839 7.366 6.938 6.550 6.198 5.877 5.584 5.316 5.070 4.843
20
7.963 7.469 7.025 6.623 6.259 5.929 5.628 5.353 5.101 4.870
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