At the Olympic level of competition, even the smallest factors can make the difference between winning and losing.  For example, it’s been shown that Olympic marksmen shoot much better if they fire between heartbeats, rather than squeezing the trigger during a heartbeat.  The small vibration caused by a heartbeat seems to be sufficient to affect the marksman’s aim.  The following hypothetical data demonstrate this phenomenon – assume the population of difference scores is normally distributed.  A random sample of n = 6 Olympic marksmen fires a series of rounds while a researcher records heartbeats.  For each marksman, a score is recorded for shots fired during heartbeats and for shots fired between heartbeats.  Do the data indicate a difference?  Test with α = 0.05. Also find an 80% confidence interval for μd.

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At the Olympic level of competition, even the smallest factors can make the difference between winning and losing.  For example, it’s been shown that Olympic marksmen shoot much better if they fire between heartbeats, rather than squeezing the trigger during a heartbeat.  The small vibration caused by a heartbeat seems to be sufficient to affect the marksman’s aim.  The following hypothetical data demonstrate this phenomenon – assume the population of difference scores is normally distributed.  A random sample of n = 6 Olympic marksmen fires a series of rounds while a researcher records heartbeats.  For each marksman, a score is recorded for shots fired during heartbeats and for shots fired between heartbeats.  Do the data indicate a difference?  Test with α = 0.05. Also find an 80% confidence interval for μd.

During Heartbeats Between Heartbeats
93 95
90 94
95 96
92 91
95 94
91 95
91 93
89 90
95 95
96 94
92 92
93 97
90 93
95 92
91 94
96 98
94 94
89 93
93 94
93 92
92 90
91 95
95 95
96 98
90 91
94 93
92 90
93 98
91 95
96 93
96 95
93 95
94 95
89 93
91 94
96 95
94 92
95 94
89 92
90 94
90 93
91 91
92 93
92 94
93 94
94 95
93 95
94 93
95 95
92 91
90 92
91 93
95 93
96 95
97 94
90 93
96 93
93 94
96 93
90 91
92 95
90 94
90 93
91 91
92 93

a)conclussion

b)Interpretation: 

c)Statistical Interpretation: 

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