Answered: At St. Luke's hospital in 1998, 674…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

An observational study is described. Identify the specified element.
At St. Luke's hospital in 1998, 674 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Five years later, 88% of the Caucasian women and 83% of the African American women were still alive. Determine the nature and scope of the conclusion the study can reach. Choose the best answer below:

A. Since there is no random assignment, there is no way to know that being Caucasian causes women with breast cancer an increased chance of surviving five years; there may have been confounding variables.

B. For women with breast cancer, being Caucasian causes an increased chance of surviving five years.

C. Since there is no random assignment, there is no way to know that being Caucasian causes women with breast cancer an increased chance of surviving five years; there may have been lurking variables.

D. For Caucasian and African American women with breast cancer, attending St. Luke's hospital causes an increased chance of surviving five years.

E. Since the study is limited to Caucasian and African American women, no conclusion can be reached.

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