At one time, the domestic gas used for cooking, called "water gas" was prepared as follows: H2O(g) + C (graphite) → CO(g) + H2(g) From the thermodynamic information below, predict whether this reaction will occur to an appreciable extent at 298 K. If not, at what temperature will the reaction begin to occur at an appreciable level? Assume AH° and AS° are temperature-independent. Substance AH kJ/mol S° J/mol K H20(g) C(graphite) CO(g) H2(g) -242 188.8 5.69 -110.5 197.9 130.7

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Hazard Analysis and Design in Chemical Engineering

Hazard is the intrinsic property of a material or process which harms the people, buildings, or environment. Health, safety, hazard, risk assessment, loss prevention, and environmental consideration play an important role while designing a chemical processing plant. Hazard is often confused with risk. Risk measures the magnitude of loss and injury of likelihood incidents or the consequence and frequency of incidents.