Assume that sales in Chicago increase by $50,000 next year and that sales in Minneapolis remain unchanged. Assume no change in fixed costs. a. Prepare a new segmented income statement for the company.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
Raner, Harris & Chan is a consulting firm that specializes in information systems for medical and dental clinics. The firm has two offices—one in Chicago and one in Minneapolis. The firm classifies the direct costs of consulting jobs as variable costs. A contribution format segmented income statement for the company’s most recent year is given:
| Office | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Company | Chicago | Minneapolis | |||||||||||||||
| Sales | $ | 450,000 | 100 | % | $ | 150,000 | 100 | % | $ | 300,000 | 100 | % | |||||
| Variable expenses | 225,000 | 50 | % | 45,000 | 30 | % | 180,000 | 60 | % | ||||||||
| Contribution margin | 225,000 | 50 | % | 105,000 | 70 | % | 120,000 | 40 | % | ||||||||
| Traceable fixed expenses | 126,000 | 28 | % | 78,000 | 52 | % | 48,000 | 16 | % | ||||||||
| Office segment margin | 99,000 | 22 | % | $ | 27,000 | 18 | % | $ | 72,000 | 24 | % | ||||||
| Common fixed expenses not traceable to offices | 63,000 | 14 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Net operating income | $ | 36,000 | 8 | % | |||||||||||||
3. Assume that sales in Chicago increase by $50,000 next year and that sales in Minneapolis remain unchanged. Assume no change in fixed costs.
a. Prepare a new segmented income statement for the company. (Round your percentage answers to 1 decimal place (i.e. 0.1234 should be entered as 12.3).)
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