Assign the correct constitutional isomer to this spectrum (C5H12O)

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
icon
Related questions
icon
Concept explainers
Question

Assign the correct constitutional isomer to this spectrum (C5H12O)

### Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectrum: Analyzing Spectrum T

#### Overview
The provided image is an NMR spectrum labeled "Spectrum T." This spectrum is a graphical representation of how hydrogen atoms, in a sample compound, react to a magnetic field. The x-axis is labeled in parts per million (PPM), which is a measure of the chemical shift that indicates the environment of hydrogen atoms in the molecule.

#### Key Features of Spectrum T:

- **X-Axis (PPM):** Ranges from 0 to 5 PPM, which is a typical range for proton NMR.
- **Y-Axis:** Represents the intensity or number of hydrogen nuclei at a particular chemical shift.

#### Peaks Explained:

1. **Peak Near 1 PPM:**
   - This is a large and well-defined peak.
   - Indicates that there are many hydrogen atoms in a similar environment, possibly related to an alkyl group.

2. **Peaks Between 1.5 and 2.5 PPM:**
   - Several smaller peaks are present.
   - These could represent hydrogen atoms in environments slightly different from the major peak, possibly methylene or methyl groups adjacent to a functional group.

3. **Peak Near 3 PPM:**
   - A sharper and taller peak.
   - Could indicate the presence of a methine proton or hydrogens attached to an electronegative atom.

4. **Peak Near 4.5 PPM:**
   - There is a sharp peak in this region.
   - This area can be indicative of hydrogens attached to oxygen, nitrogen, or in a halogenated environment in some cases.

#### Interpretation Notes:
- Individual peak positions and splitting patterns provide insights into the structure of the molecule, including information about functional groups and molecular environment.
- The height and sharpness of each peak correlate with the number of hydrogen atoms in similar environments and possible interactions with adjacent hydrogen atoms, which can cause splitting.

This spectrum is useful for understanding the molecular structure of the compound and identifying specific functional groups based on chemical shift and peak pattern.
Transcribed Image Text:### Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectrum: Analyzing Spectrum T #### Overview The provided image is an NMR spectrum labeled "Spectrum T." This spectrum is a graphical representation of how hydrogen atoms, in a sample compound, react to a magnetic field. The x-axis is labeled in parts per million (PPM), which is a measure of the chemical shift that indicates the environment of hydrogen atoms in the molecule. #### Key Features of Spectrum T: - **X-Axis (PPM):** Ranges from 0 to 5 PPM, which is a typical range for proton NMR. - **Y-Axis:** Represents the intensity or number of hydrogen nuclei at a particular chemical shift. #### Peaks Explained: 1. **Peak Near 1 PPM:** - This is a large and well-defined peak. - Indicates that there are many hydrogen atoms in a similar environment, possibly related to an alkyl group. 2. **Peaks Between 1.5 and 2.5 PPM:** - Several smaller peaks are present. - These could represent hydrogen atoms in environments slightly different from the major peak, possibly methylene or methyl groups adjacent to a functional group. 3. **Peak Near 3 PPM:** - A sharper and taller peak. - Could indicate the presence of a methine proton or hydrogens attached to an electronegative atom. 4. **Peak Near 4.5 PPM:** - There is a sharp peak in this region. - This area can be indicative of hydrogens attached to oxygen, nitrogen, or in a halogenated environment in some cases. #### Interpretation Notes: - Individual peak positions and splitting patterns provide insights into the structure of the molecule, including information about functional groups and molecular environment. - The height and sharpness of each peak correlate with the number of hydrogen atoms in similar environments and possible interactions with adjacent hydrogen atoms, which can cause splitting. This spectrum is useful for understanding the molecular structure of the compound and identifying specific functional groups based on chemical shift and peak pattern.
Expert Solution
Step 1: NMR spectroscopy

NMR spectroscopy is a very important tool for the determination of the structure of the organic compound.

steps

Step by step

Solved in 5 steps with 3 images

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
IR Spectroscopy of Organic Molecules
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY