As part of her dissertation, a PhD student in the Department of Psychology wants to test the hypothesis that women talk more than men. In a quirky experiment, she equips 17 women and 20 men with a digital device that intermittently records spoken words in 5-minute intervals throughout the day. She enters the average numbers of words spoken for each gender during the experiment in JASP and runs a series of analyses. The results of her experiments are presented in the table below. What statistic should the PhD student report in her dissertation? ResultsDescriptive StatisticsDescriptive StatisticsNumber of wordsFemaleMaleValid1720MissingMean8477.6477561.000Median8340.0007415.000Std. Deviation898.0991299.664Shapiro-WilkP-value of Shapiro-Wilk0.9270.9480.1970.336Minimum7110.0005210.000Maximum10200.0009660.000Independent Samples T-TestIndependent Samples T-Test95% CI for Location ParameterTestStatisticdfLocation ParameterSE DifferenceLowerUpperEffect SizeNumber of wordsStudent2.45135.0000.019916.647374.048157.2891676.0050.808Welch2.52433.7100.016916.647363.183178.3361654.9580.821Mann-Whitney233.0000.057900.000-50.0001620.0000.371Note. For the Student t-test and Welch t-test, effect size is given by Cohen's d. For the Mann-Whitney test, effect size is given by the rank biserial correlation.Note. For the Student t-test and Welch t-test, location parameter is given by mean difference. For the Mann-Whitney test, location parameter is given by the Hodges-Lehmann estimate.Assumption ChecksTest of Normality (Shapiro-Wilk)WpNumber of wordsFemale0.9270.197Male0.9480.336Note. Significant results suggest a deviation from normality.Test of Equality of Variances (Levene's)FdfNumber of words4.05510.052DescriptivesGroup DescriptivesGroupМeanSDSENumber of wordsFemale178477.647898.099217.821Male207561.0001299.664290.614 A U = 233.00, p = .06, r = 0.37Bt(33.71) = 2.52, p = .02, d = 0.82(c) w= 233.00, p = .06, r = 0.37D t(35.00) = 2.45 , p = .02, d = 0.81

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As part of her dissertation, a PhD student in the Department of Psychology wants to test the hypothesis that women talk more than men. In a quirky experiment, she equips 17 women and 20 men with a digital device that intermittently records spoken words in 5-minute intervals throughout the day. She enters the average numbers of words spoken for each gender during the experiment in JASP and runs a series of analyses. The results of her experiments are presented in the table below. What statistic should the PhD student report in her dissertation?

Results
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive Statistics
Number of words
Female
Male
Valid
17
20
Missing
Mean
8477.647
7561.000
Median
8340.000
7415.000
Std. Deviation
898.099
1299.664
Shapiro-Wilk
P-value of Shapiro-Wilk
0.927
0.948
0.197
0.336
Minimum
7110.000
5210.000
Maximum
10200.000
9660.000
Independent Samples T-Test
Independent Samples T-Test
95% CI for Location Parameter
Test
Statistic
df
Location Parameter
SE Difference
Lower
Upper
Effect Size
Number of words
Student
2.451
35.000
0.019
916.647
374.048
157.289
1676.005
0.808
Welch
2.524
33.710
0.016
916.647
363.183
178.336
1654.958
0.821
Mann-Whitney
233.000
0.057
900.000
-50.000
1620.000
0.371
Note. For the Student t-test and Welch t-test, effect size is given by Cohen's d. For the Mann-Whitney test, effect size is given by the rank biserial correlation.
Note. For the Student t-test and Welch t-test, location parameter is given by mean difference. For the Mann-Whitney test, location parameter is given by the Hodges-Lehmann estimate.
Assumption Checks
Test of Normality (Shapiro-Wilk)
W
p
Number of words
Female
0.927
0.197
Male
0.948
0.336
Note. Significant results suggest a deviation from normality.
Test of Equality of Variances (Levene's)
F
df
Number of words
4.055
1
0.052
Descriptives
Group Descriptives
Group
Мean
SD
SE
Number of words
Female
17
8477.647
898.099
217.821
Male
20
7561.000
1299.664
290.614

A U = 233.00, p = .06, r = 0.37
B
t(33.71) = 2.52, p = .02, d = 0.82
(c) w= 233.00, p = .06, r = 0.37
D t(35.00) = 2.45 , p = .02, d = 0.81

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