As an example, consider a packet that is transmitted from one end system to another. Indicate in detail each of the four types of delays that a packet may encounter.
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As an example, consider a packet that is transmitted from one end system to another. Indicate in detail each of the four types of delays that a packet may encounter.
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- Consider the transmission of a packet from one end system to another. Each of the four categories of delays that a packet may encounter should be thoroughly described.Consider a client and a server connected through one router. Assume the router can start transmitting an incoming packet after receiving its first 0.6 Mbits instead of the whole packet. Suppose that the transmission rate of each link is 6 Mb/s and that the client transmits one packet with a size of 2 Mbits to the server. Assume the propagation, processing, and queuing delays are negligible. Answer the following questions (use up to 4 significant digits if needed; e.g., yy.xxxx): What is the end-to-end delay?3D seconds What is the end-to-end delay if there are 2 routers between the client and the server?= secondsAn entry in the switching table of a virtual-circuit network is normally created during the setup phase and deleted during the teardown phase. In other words, the entries in this type of network reflect the current connections, the activity in the network. In contrast, the entries in a routing table of a datagram network do not depend on the current connections; they show the configuration of the network and how any packet should be routed to a final destination. The entries may remain the same even if there is no activity in the network. The routing tables, however, are updated if there are changes in the network. Can you explain the reason for these two different characteristics? Can we say that a virtual-circuit is a connection oriented network and a datagram network is a connectionless network because of the above characteristics?
- A file of size 20 KiloBytes is transmitted to a destination over a 10 Megabit/s network link (1 Mega = 10^6, 1 Kilo = 10^3, 1 byte = 8 bits). The propagation delay to the destination is 40 milliseconds (1 milli = 10^−3). Assume the queueing delay encountered by packets of the file is negligible. What is the total delay (in milliseconds) for the file to get to its destination?Topic: Network Delay Assume two hosts, A and B, that are linked by a single link with a rate of R bps and are spaced m meters away from one another. A packet of size L bits is being sent from Host A to Host B. Suppose that the propagation through the connection is occurring at s meters/second. (Answer the following question while showing work) 1) Assuming that processing and queuing delays are 0, provide an expression for end-to-end delay in terms of m, s, L, and R. 2) Where is the final bit of the packet at time t = dtrans if Host A starts transmission at time t = 0?Topic: Network Delay Assume two hosts, A and B, that are linked by a single link with a rate of R bps and are spaced m meters away from one another. A packet of size L bits is being sent from Host A to Host B. Suppose that the propagation through the connection is occurring at s meters/second. (Answer the following question while showing work) 1) Give an explanation of the propagation delay, d prop, in terms of the separation between the two hosts and the link's propagation speed. 2) Give examples of how the packet size and link speed affect the transmission time of the packet, d trans.
- A 1500 byte message is sent over the network using a protocol stack with HTTP, TCP, IP and Ethemet. Each protocol header is 20 bytes long. The percentage of the network bandwidth "on the wire" is wasted due to the overhead is (in %).In a data communication system, several messages that arrive at a node are bundled into a packet before they are transmitted over the network. Assume that the messages arrive at the node according to a Poisson process with rate 30 messages per minute (0.5 per second). Five messages are used to form a packet.What is the mean time until a packet is formed, that is, until five messages arrive at the node?Consider a half-duplex point-to-point link using a stop-and-wait scheme, in which a series of messages is sent, with each message segmented into a number of frames. Ignore errors and frame overhead. A. What is the effect on line utilization of increasing the message size so that fewer messages will be required? Other factors remain constant. B. What is the effect on line utilization of increasing the number of frames for a constant message size? C. What is the effect on line utilization of increasing frame size?
- An Internet-service provider company uses a fiber-optic network to transmit data between locations. Data are carried through fiber-optic cables and switching nodes. A portion of the company's transmission network is shown here. The numbers above each arc show the capacity in gigabits of data per second that can be transmitted over that branch of the network. 3 4 3 4 2 4 1 2 6 5 5 3 2 7 To keep up with the volume of information transmitted between origin and destination points, use the network to determine the maximum amount of data, in gigabits per second, that may be sent from node 1 to node 7. X GB/s 1Computer Networks Consider a packet of length L that begins at end system A and travels over three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Let d, s, and R denotes the length, propagation speed, and the transmission rate of link i, for i=1,2,3 . The packet switch delays each packet by d . Assuming no queuing delays, in terms of d, s , R, (i=1,2,3), and L, what is the total end-to-end delay for the packet? Suppose now the packet is 1,500 bytes, the propagation speed on all three links is the transmission rates of all three links are 2 Mbps, the packet switch processing delay is 3 msec, the length of the first link is 5,000 km, the length of the second link is 4,000 km, and the length of the last link is 1,000 km. For these values, what is the end-to-end delay? In the above problem, suppose R1=R2=R3=R and dproc=0. Further, suppose the packet switch does not store-and-forward packets but instead immediately transmits each bit it…Computer Networks Consider a packet of length L that begins at end system A and travels over three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Let d, s, and R denotes the length, propagation speed, and the transmission rate of link i, for i=1,2,3 . The packet switch delays each packet by d . Assuming no queuing delays, in terms of d, s , R, (i=1,2,3), and L, what is the total end-to-end delay for the packet? Suppose now the packet is 1,500 bytes, and the propagation speed on all three links are 3125km/sec, 10000 km/sec, and 3333km/sec respectively. The transmission rates of all three links are 2 Mbps, the packet switch processing delay is 3 msec, the length of the first link is 5,000 km, the length of the second link is 4,000 km, and the length of the last link is 1,000 km. For these values, what is the end-to-end delay? In the above problem, suppose R1=R2=R3=R and dproc=0. Further, suppose the packet switch does not store-and-forward…
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