Question 2 please (a,b,c,d included) ### Educational Content on TCP Congestion Control for Networking#### TCP Basic Congestion Control Algorithm1. **TCP Congestion Control Using Slow Start and Congestion Avoidance:** - **Assumptions:** Packet dropping probability $ p $ is constant and independent of window size. - **Tasks:** a. Determine the mean time until another packet drop when the window size at packet drop is $ W $. b. Calculate the mean number of bytes transmitted given $ B $ bytes per packet during the above interval.2. **Window Reduction Strategies for Congestion Recovery:** - **Scenario:** Analyze a TCP session where a router becomes saturated at window size $ W $, with round trip time $ R $. - **Assumptions:** Buffer capacity is $ B $, and TCP increases linearly by one segment every round trip. - **Questions:** a. Calculate the number of round trip times needed for a packet to be dropped and the TCP window size at that point. b. Find the time for the router to unsaturate with linear window reduction (reduction by $ A $ packets per drop). c. Repeat part b using geometric window reduction (window reduced by $ B \times W $). d. Indicate the preferred strategy using numerical examples as needed.3. **Comparison of SCTP and MPTCP Protocols:** - **Task:** Using a list or table, compare SCTP and MPTCP focusing on their capabilities and limitations. - **Objective:** Conclusions on superiority of one protocol over the other.4. **Fragmentation in IPv6 vs. IPv4:** - **Context:** IPv6 moves fragmentation to end nodes, unlike IPv4. - **Implications:** Reduced internal processing; potential bandwidth increase. - **Task:** Calculate overhead bits for both IPv4 and IPv6 for packets having the initial size $ \text{MTU}_1 $, traversing $ N $ networks.This content explores TCP's congestion control mechanisms, assesses window reduction strategies, compares advanced transport protocols, and investigates fragmentation differences across IP versions, providing critical insights and problem-solving scenarios for networking students and professionals.

To avoid congestion, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) employs a network congestion-avoidance…

Answered: In this problem, v congestion detecti

Engineering

Computer Engineering

In this problem, v congestion detecti

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)

7th Edition

ISBN:9780133594140

Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...

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