Arteriosclerotic plaques forming on the inner wall of arteries can decrease the effective cross-sectional area of an artery. Even small changes in the effective area of an artery can lead to very large changes in the blood pressure in the artery and possibly to the collapse of the blood vessel. Imagine a healthy artery, with blood flow velocity of vo equals 0.14 m/s and mass per volume of p = 1050 kg/m³. The kinetic energy per unit volume of blood is given pv². This is one of the terms in Bernoulli's equation. Imagine that plague has narrowed an artery to 1/10 of its normal cross-sectional area, a 90% blockage. 1 by ko 2 = a) Compared to normal blood flow velocity, vo, what is the velocity of blood as it passes through this blockage? b) By what factor does the kinetic energy per unit of blood volume change as the blood passes through this blockage? c) Using Bernoulli's equation as the blood passes through this blockage, what happens to the blood pressure?
Arteriosclerotic plaques forming on the inner wall of arteries can decrease the effective cross-sectional area of an artery. Even small changes in the effective area of an artery can lead to very large changes in the blood pressure in the artery and possibly to the collapse of the blood vessel. Imagine a healthy artery, with blood flow velocity of vo equals 0.14 m/s and mass per volume of p = 1050 kg/m³. The kinetic energy per unit volume of blood is given pv². This is one of the terms in Bernoulli's equation. Imagine that plague has narrowed an artery to 1/10 of its normal cross-sectional area, a 90% blockage. 1 by ko 2 = a) Compared to normal blood flow velocity, vo, what is the velocity of blood as it passes through this blockage? b) By what factor does the kinetic energy per unit of blood volume change as the blood passes through this blockage? c) Using Bernoulli's equation as the blood passes through this blockage, what happens to the blood pressure?
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Transcribed Image Text:Arteriosclerotic plaques forming on the inner wall of arteries can decrease the
effective cross-sectional area of an artery. Even small changes in the effective
area of an artery can lead to very large changes in the blood pressure in the artery
and possibly to the collapse of the blood vessel.
Imagine a healthy artery, with blood flow velocity of vo equals 0.14 m/s and mass
per volume of p = 1050 kg/m³. The kinetic energy per unit volume of blood is given
pv². This is one of the terms in Bernoulli's equation. Imagine that plague
has narrowed an artery to 1/10 of its normal cross-sectional area, a 90% blockage.
1
2
by ko
=
a) Compared to normal blood flow velocity, vo, what is the velocity of blood
as it passes through this blockage?
b) By what factor does the kinetic energy per unit of blood volume change
as the blood passes through this blockage?
c) Using Bernoulli's equation as the blood passes through this blockage,
what happens to the blood pressure?
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