**Aldol Condensation Reaction: Acid-Catalyzed Mechanism**In the provided reaction sequence, we observe an acid-catalyzed aldol condensation. The initial molecule undergoes structural changes facilitated by the acid catalyst, represented as ArSO₃H.### Instructions:- **Arrow-Pushing**: Draw curved arrows to indicate the movement of electrons during the reaction. This is crucial in visualizing how the reaction progresses.### Diagrams:1. **Initial Molecule**: - A cyclic compound with a ketone group is present. - The acid catalyst (ArSO₃H) is shown influencing the reaction.2. **Transition to the Next Structure**: - The electron movements facilitate the conversion to a new structure, where key functional groups undergo changes. - The intermediate structure shows: - A positively charged oxygen (OH⁺) indicating a protonation event. - Electron lone pairs and charges are marked to show areas of electron concentration or deficiency.3. **Final Structure**: - As the mechanism progresses, the structure stabilizes through further electron shifts. - The final structure reveals a reorganized carbonyl group with electron pairs and a stabilized charge.Understanding this electron movement is essential for mastering reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. Pay attention to how the acid catalyst facilitates shifts in electron density, ultimately stabilizing the structure and driving the reaction forward.

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Answered: ArSO,H Draw curved arrows to show the…

ArSO,H Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in the following step of an acid-catalyzed aldol condensation reaction. Arrow-pushing Instructions :ÓH H ö:

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

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Concept explainers

Designing a Synthesis

Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis that involves the planned construction of organic compounds/molecules from smaller units that possess functional groups. Friedrich Wöhler was the first scientist who designed the synthesis of an organic compound, urea from inorganic starting materials silver cyanate with ammonium chloride via a simple, one-step synthesis.

Question

**Aldol Condensation Reaction: Acid-Catalyzed Mechanism**

In the provided reaction sequence, we observe an acid-catalyzed aldol condensation. The initial molecule undergoes structural changes facilitated by the acid catalyst, represented as ArSO₃H.

### Instructions:
- **Arrow-Pushing**: Draw curved arrows to indicate the movement of electrons during the reaction. This is crucial in visualizing how the reaction progresses.

### Diagrams:

1. **Initial Molecule**:
- A cyclic compound with a ketone group is present.
- The acid catalyst (ArSO₃H) is shown influencing the reaction.

2. **Transition to the Next Structure**:
- The electron movements facilitate the conversion to a new structure, where key functional groups undergo changes.
- The intermediate structure shows:
- A positively charged oxygen (OH⁺) indicating a protonation event.
- Electron lone pairs and charges are marked to show areas of electron concentration or deficiency.

3. **Final Structure**:
- As the mechanism progresses, the structure stabilizes through further electron shifts.
- The final structure reveals a reorganized carbonyl group with electron pairs and a stabilized charge.

Understanding this electron movement is essential for mastering reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. Pay attention to how the acid catalyst facilitates shifts in electron density, ultimately stabilizing the structure and driving the reaction forward.

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