Answered: Arsenic is toxic to humans, and people…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Arsenic in Toenails

Arsenic is toxic to humans, and people can be exposed to it through contaminated drinking water, food, dust, and soil. Scientists have devised an interesting new way to measure a person's level of arsenic poisoning: by examining toenail clippings. In a recent study,¹ scientists measured the level of arsenic (in mg/kg) in toenail clippings of eight people who lived near a former arsenic mine in Great Britain. The following levels were recorded:

0.8

1.9

2.7

3.4

3.9

7.1

11.9

26.0

¹Button, M., Jenkin, G.,Harrington, C., and Watts, M., "Human Toenails as a biomarker of exposure to elevated environment arsenic," Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2009; 11(3): 610–617. Data are reproduced from summary statistics and are approximate.

(a) Do you expect the mean or the median of these toenail arsenic levels to be larger?

Mean

Median

(b) Calculate the mean.

Round your answer to one decimal place.

Mean = Enter your answer in accordance to item (b) of the question statement mg/kg

Calculate the median.

Enter the exact answer.

Median = Enter your answer in accordance to item (b) of the question statement mg/kg

Definition Definition Middle value of a data set. The median divides a data set into two halves, and it also called the 50th percentile. The median is much less affected by outliers and skewed data than the mean. If the number of elements in a dataset is odd, then the middlemost element of the data arranged in ascending or descending order is the median. If the number of elements in the dataset is even, the average of the two central elements of the arranged data is the median of the set. For example, if a dataset has five items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31—the median is the third item in ascending order, or 21. If a dataset has six items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31, 33—the median is the average of the third (21) and fourth (27) items. It is calculated as follows: (21 + 27) / 2 = 24.

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