Arrange the steps in the reaction catalyzed by threonine dehydrates in order, using the racemization reaction shown in part B as a guide. Note that the threonine dehydrates reaction is not a racemization, but instead features an elimination at the ß carbon of threonine.
Q: A patient with chronic pancreatitis and hence decreased secretory function of pancreas was…
A: Individual having an inflammation in the pancreas which does not improve over a long period of time…
Q: In the initial step of the Q cycle, the electrons of QH2 (or ubiquinol) are transferred to: OA)…
A: The complex III of the electron transport chain ( Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase) consists of three…
Q: QUESTION 21 Match the following metabolic reactions or components with their corresponding cellular…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q: Question 1 Signal sequences direct their delivery to different locations in the cell or outside the…
A: The proteins are made of twenty naturally occurring amino acids that are linked via peptide…
Q: Some types of tumors express cell-surface receptors that are specific for unique peptide sequences.…
A: Of these 9 amino acids, 7 amino acids(H,W,S,Y,L,P,G) will be carrying a positive charge at pH 4. At…
Q: For the electrophoresis at 25°C of two proteins, in a medium with a viscosity of 0.001kg/m-s, the…
A: Electrophoresis is a technique used in biotechnology to separate and analyze biological molecules…
Q: By the reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: a) NAD+ is oxidized to become NADH…
A: The glycolytic process results in pyruvate, which is a substantial source of acetyl-CoA for the TCA…
Q: Draw the synthesis of the dinucleotide formed between ATP and GMP. The 5' triphosphate can be…
A: Guanosine Monophosphate kinase catalyze the phosphate transfer reaction in which the terminal gamma…
Q: 1 what is the net reaction of glycolysis? 2 Starting with glucose ( in the open - chain fischer…
A: Glycolysis is the collection of 10 enzymatically catalysed reactions that sequentially oxidises one…
Q: 1. Weigh 1 g of isolated polysaccharide sample (sweet potato starch) in a 10 mL beaker using an…
A: A solution is prepared by dissolving a solute into a solvent, and the concentration of solute can be…
Q: Which of the following factors favor fatty acid synthesis in liver cells when blood glucose levels…
A: The body utilizes carbohydrates as the primary source of energy. The excess carbohydrates after…
Q: 1. Calculate a creatinine clearance and its reference range. 2. Explain the biochemical formation…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first question as…
Q: Carnitine combines with fatty acids groups to form acyl carnitine through carnitines ____ group…
A: Beta oxidation of fatty acids takes place in mitochondrial matrix. For this, first the fatty acids…
Q: Experimental results describing a protein's amino acid composition are useful for estimating the…
A: Proteins are high molecular weight polymers of amino acid residues linked together via peptide…
Q: Figure 1 shows the structure of adenine and thymine. (i) (ii) NH H adenine -H =C thymine Figure 1…
A: These are cyclic compounds that contain nitrogen. They can be: Purines: a heterocyclic organic…
Q: Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is an enzyme that is responsible for the metabolism of the…
A: Proteins are large biomolecules made up of amino acid residues linked via a peptide bond. Amino…
Q: Give an example of how signal transduction plays a role in disease
A: Introduction Signal transduction is a process which causes a series of molecular events in cells.…
Q: Paper electrophoresis of Asn, Ala, Asp, Lys and Ser mixtures at pH = 7 shows the fastest movement…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solutiononly to the first question as…
Q: how many ATPs result from from oxidative phosphorylation of one NADH; tell how many ATPs result from…
A: During the oxidation of NADH in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, NADH donates a pair of…
Q: explain the following prperties of G protein: structure of G- activation cycle and signaling pathway…
A: G proteins are the Guanine nucleotide binding proteins which functions in transducing signals…
Q: Which of the following is NOT a secondary database for structural classification of proteins?…
A: Proteins are polymers of amino acid that have five functional role. Protein databases are…
Q: The basic elements or molecules of cell signaling I. second messengers - substances that enhances…
A: Biochemical cell signalling is the method by which cell communicates with each other cells and…
Q: 3 why do heat and acid denature proteins 4 what are enzymes and how they work? discuss one example…
A: Proteins are folded peptides. Peptides are polymers of amino acid residues linked via peptide bonds.…
Q: In order to activate glucose for storage as glycogen, what must be added to each glucose? A)…
A: Glycogen is a branched glucose polymer that is used as an energy reserve in animal cells. The…
Q: Which of the following coenzymes does not get restored to it's original form within the PDH complex…
A: PDH (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) is an enzyme complex, which is composed of three enzymes known…
Q: In a folded protein, Glu116 is close in three-dimensional space to Lys224. The pKa of the carboxylic…
A: pKa is the pH at which a weak acid is 50% dissociated. Alternatively, pKa = -log Ka. In acid-base…
Q: During the metabolism of glucose in anaerobic cells, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is essential…
A: Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate. The enzyme is an…
Q: The hormones insulin and glucagon play an important role in the regulation of plasma glucose. b)…
A: Insulin (release from the beta cells of pancreas) and glucagon (release from the alpha cells of…
Q: Match the following steps of oxidative phosphorylation in increasing order from beginning (1) to end…
A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which oxidation of NADH and FADH2 by the complexes in…
Q: Cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease that affects many parts of the body, but primarily presents…
A: The CFTR gene codes for the protein cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The…
Q: 2. Energetics of the electron transport. In the oxidative phase of oxidative phosphorylation,…
A: Standard change in Gibbs free energy (∆G'0 ) of redox reactions can be found, if we know the…
Q: Some enzymes are used in the clinical lab to diagnose diseases. There are two specific markers for…
A: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyses the following reaction: Lactate + NAD+ ↔ Pyruvate + NADH + H+…
Q: Scope of Industrial biochemistry
A: Industrial biochemistry: The practice or application of set of chemical processes that occur within…
Q: 1. What constitutes the backbone of a nucleic acid? _ 2. Give the base sequence of the complementary…
A: Nucleic acids are organic molecules that act as the genetic material, and store and transfer genetic…
Q: Assess the role of redox electron transfer in the formation of an electrochemical proton gradient…
A: Biological oxidation-reduction reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one biomolecule,…
Q: Draw the L(leucine)-A(alanine)-E(glutamate) triple tide and calculate its isoelectric point.
A: Amino acid sequences are written with N-terminal amino acid on the left and C-terminal amino acid on…
Q: The steroid progesterone has an important role in the female reproductive system. Researchers…
A: Amino acids are organic molecules, which can act as buffers by accepting or donating protons. When…
Q: Question 4 An N-linked glycoprotein contains a glycan covalently linked to which specific amino acid…
A: the proteins are constituted of twenty naturally occurring amino acids that are linked vis peptide…
Q: PLEASE HELP 1. How many chirality centers does ribose have? Identify them.
A: Chirality is a property that is exhibited by molecules that cannot be superimposed on their mirror…
Q: Question 22 Which is not a structural motif for DNA binding? αβα motif Zn Finger leucine zipper…
A: Proteins are true polymers, which are composed of amino acid units. Proteins have four levels of…
Q: Give other chromatographic techniques that can be used for separating non-polar biomolecules, such…
A: Introduction: Chromatography is a method for separating a mixture in the laboratory. The mixture is…
Q: ) Describe the 10 enzymatic reactions of glycolysis and the organization of the pathway in 2 main…
A: Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway during which glucose molecule splits into pyruvate molecules with…
Q: The question stated the standard free energy change not the actual free energy change. You solved…
A: Standards free energy change calculated at biochemical standards is called biochemical standard free…
Q: One xylulose 5-phosphate, One glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, One sedoheptulose 7-phosphate, 1…
A: After glucose enters the cell it is immediately phosphorylated into glucose 6-phosphate. Glucose…
Q: the acyltransferase I and II are required for: OA) transporting carnitine in the blood. B) inserting…
A: The enzymes carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT) are a large family of enzymes that play a crucial…
Q: A major challenge to cells that are metabolizing amino acids is: A) changes in pH due to acidic and…
A: Amino acids are biomolecules that have an amino group a carboxyl group and a side group attached to…
Q: 3.(12pts) What is the ratio of NH4+/NH3 for a 0.5M solution of NH4Cl at pH 9? (The pKa of NH4+ is…
A: Dissociation of a weak acid is mathematically described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH =…
Q: The peptidyl transferase reaction is an exemplification that the ribosome is a ribozyme. True False
A: Enzymes are bio-catalyst that participate in biochemical process and they are highly specific in…
Q: Metabolic enzymes are often found in large multi-enzyme complexes. What are the benefits of this…
A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that catalyse biochemical reactions. Substrates bind to the free…
Q: Explain the role of carnitine in the energy supply of the myocardium
A: Carnitine plays an important in heart's metabolism. It's responsible for transporting fatty acids,…
Please answer this question and put them in order.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 1 images
- Using the ActiveModel for aldose reductase, describe the structure of the TIM barrel motif and the structure and location of the active site.Distinguishing the Mechanisms of Class I and Class I Aldolases Fructose bisphosphate aldolase in animal muscle is a class 1 aldolase, which forms a Schiff base intermediate between substrate (for example. fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and a lysine at the active site (see Figure I8.12). The chemical evidence for this intermediate conies from studies with aldolase and the reducing agent sodium borohydride, NaBH4. Incubation of the enzyme with dihydroxyacetone phosphate and NaBH4 inactivates the enzyme. Interestingly, no inactivation is observed if NabH4 is added to the enzyme in the absence of substrate. Write a mechanism that explains these observations and provides evidence for the formation of a Schiff base intermediate in the aldolase reaction.Using the ActiveModel for phosphofructokinase (Trypanosoma), describe the difference between the APO1, AP02, and holoenzyme conformations.
- If phenylalanine was not an essential amino acid, would diet therapy (the elimination of phenylalanine from the diet) for PKU work?(i) Describe the mechanism of chymotrypsin in cleaving a peptide bond, highlighting the roles of the catalytice triad for the two phases of the catalytic reactions. Explain the significance of the oxyanion hole for the catalysis. (ii) All serine proteases contain the catalytic triad and these amino acids are positioned in the exact same conformation. Since this is true, why do trypsin and chymotrypsin have such different substrate specificity? What features of the enzyme allow for this situation?The interconverison of DHAP and GAP greatly favors the formation of DHAP at equilibirum. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. Why?
- Incubation of the norsolinic acid synthase holo-ACP with malonyl CoA gave malonyl-S-ACP (molecular weight 10112 Da). (ACP SH holo-ACP Malonyl-SNAC Calculate the molecular weight of holo-ACP. (ACP OH malonyl-S-ACP MW = 10112Protease enzymes cleave proteins by hydrolyzing peptide bonds. The strategy for each type of metalloprotease begins with generating a nucleophile that attacks the peptide bond that attacks the peptide carbonyl group. O Macmillan Learning On the basis of the information provided in the figure, show the next step in the mechanism for peptide-bond cleavage by a metalloprotease. Metalloproteases H R₁ HN Zn Enz 2+ R₂ Draw curved arrows on the pre-drawn structures to show the metalloprotease mechanism. If you need to reset the structures, click More followed by Reset Drawing. Select Draw Templates Groups More B - H Enz H H с R1 | : HN O | Zn 2+ B R2 N Zn EraseThe interconversion of DHAP and GAP greatly favors the formation of DHAP at equilibrium. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. Why
- Which of the following statements is true O Sphingomyelin posses phosphoryl serine in addition to two long hydrocarbon chains, one contributed by a fatty acid and the other by sphingosine OLipid compositions of membrane mono-layers are symmetrical O Unsaturated fatty acids have double bond(s) in the cis configuration In ABO blood typing, lack of glycosyltransferase and galactosyltransferase produces AB blood group(b) The values of kinetic parameters for a variety of synthetic ester and peptide substrates ofa- chymotrypsin are compared for the reaction scheme below where ES is the Michaelis complex, ES' E+S Substrate K₁ N-Ac-Trp–OC₂H5 N-Ac-Phe-OC2H5 N-Ac-Leu-OC2H5 N-Ac-Phe-CONH2 N-Ac-Tyr-p-nitro-anilide ES K₂ 3.5 13.0 3.2 1.7 K-₁ is the acylenzyme, P₁ is the first product to be released, P2 is the second product, k2 is the acylation rate constant, k3 is the deacylation rate constant, and kcat = k2 k3/( k2 + k³). In the table below, N- Ac = N-acetyl; -CONH₂ = carboxamide; -OC₂H5 = ethyl ester; p-nitroanilide = −NH-C6H4-NO2 simulating a peptide group. ES' K2 (S-¹) K3 (S-1) 0.84 2.2 0.19 P₁ K3 0.073 H → E+ P2 Kcat (S-1) 0.82 1.9 0.18 0.070 0.038 KM (MM) 0.08 1.3 4.2 24.0 0.35 1 Kcat/ KM (mM-¹ s¯¹) 10.3 1.5 0.04 0.003 0.11 The value of kcat for N-Ac-Phe-OC2H5 is two-fold greater than that for the L-tryptophanyl analog and more than 10-fold greater than the value of kcat for the ester substrate…Synthesis of the purine nucleotides AMP andGMP proceeds by a branched pathway starting with ribose5-phosphate (R5P), as shown schematically in FigureQ3–4. Using the principles of feedback inhibition, proposea regulatory strategy for this pathway that ensures an ade-quate supply of both AMP and GMP and minimizes thebuildup of the intermediates (A–I) when supplies of AMPand GMP are adequate.