Are the following constitutional isomers, conformers, or stereoisomers. If they are stereoisomers, are they enantiomers or diostereoemrs? The image contains chemical structures depicting different stereoisomers. These are part of an educational resource on stereochemistry.### Chemical Structures:#### (c) Pair of Isomers:1. **First Isomer**: - Contains a six-membered ring. - Substituents: Two hydroxyl groups (OH) attached at different ring positions. - Orientation: One hydroxyl group is equatorial, the other axial.2. **Second Isomer**: - Similar ring structure. - Substituents: Two hydroxyl groups (OH) with switched positions/orientations compared to the first isomer.#### (d) Pair of Isomers:1. **First Isomer**: - Cyclopentane ring structure. - Substituents: Hydroxyl group (OH) and a methylene hydroxyl group (CH\(_3\)OH) at different positions.2. **Second Isomer**: - Same ring structure as the first. - Substituents: Hydroxyl group (OH) and a methylene hydroxyl group (CH\(_3\)OH) on different carbons compared to the first isomer.#### (e) Pair of Isomers:1. **First Isomer**: - Cyclopentane ring structure. - Substituents: Methyl group (CH\(_3\)) and hydrogen (H) in a specific stereochemical arrangement.2. **Second Isomer**: - Identical ring structure. - Substituents: Methyl group (CH\(_3\)) and hydrogen (H) in an inverted stereochemical arrangement compared to the first isomer.### Explanation:- **Stereoisomers** are compounds with the same structural formula but different spatial arrangements of atoms.- These examples depict how different stereochemical positions of substituents on a ring can lead to distinct isomers, impacting their chemical properties and functions.

Answered: Are the following constitutional…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

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Are the following constitutional isomers, conformers, or stereoisomers. If they are stereoisomers, are they enantiomers or diostereoemrs?

The image contains chemical structures depicting different stereoisomers. These are part of an educational resource on stereochemistry.

### Chemical Structures:

#### (c) Pair of Isomers:
1. **First Isomer**:
- Contains a six-membered ring.
- Substituents: Two hydroxyl groups (OH) attached at different ring positions.
- Orientation: One hydroxyl group is equatorial, the other axial.

2. **Second Isomer**:
- Similar ring structure.
- Substituents: Two hydroxyl groups (OH) with switched positions/orientations compared to the first isomer.

#### (d) Pair of Isomers:
1. **First Isomer**:
- Cyclopentane ring structure.
- Substituents: Hydroxyl group (OH) and a methylene hydroxyl group (CH\(_3\)OH) at different positions.

2. **Second Isomer**:
- Same ring structure as the first.
- Substituents: Hydroxyl group (OH) and a methylene hydroxyl group (CH\(_3\)OH) on different carbons compared to the first isomer.

#### (e) Pair of Isomers:
1. **First Isomer**:
- Cyclopentane ring structure.
- Substituents: Methyl group (CH\(_3\)) and hydrogen (H) in a specific stereochemical arrangement.

2. **Second Isomer**:
- Identical ring structure.
- Substituents: Methyl group (CH\(_3\)) and hydrogen (H) in an inverted stereochemical arrangement compared to the first isomer.

### Explanation:

- **Stereoisomers** are compounds with the same structural formula but different spatial arrangements of atoms.
- These examples depict how different stereochemical positions of substituents on a ring can lead to distinct isomers, impacting their chemical properties and functions.

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Constitutional isomers- are those which have same molecular formula but different connectivities of atoms or groups in the compound.

Conformers are those isomers which can be converted into each other by rotation.

Stereoisomers are those compounds which are optically active, If they are non-identical mirror images of each other then referred as enantiomers if they are non-identical, non-mirror images of each other they are referred as diastereomers.

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