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4.38 Identify the relationship in each of the following pairs. Do the drawings represent constitutional isomers or stereoisomers, or are they just different ways of drawing the same compound? If they are stereoisomers, are they enantiomers or diastereomers? H CH, (a) C-Br CH₂CH₂ CH₂OH (b) H-OH CH₂OH ОН and and and H. Br C-CH, CH₂CH₂ CH₂OH HO- -H CH₂OH OH

4.38 Identify the relationship in each of the following pairs. Do the drawings represent constitutional isomers or stereoisomers, or are they just different ways of drawing the same compound? If they are stereoisomers, are they enantiomers or diastereomers? H CH, (a) C-Br CH₂CH₂ CH₂OH (b) H-OH CH₂OH ОН and and and H. Br C-CH, CH₂CH₂ CH₂OH HO- -H CH₂OH OH

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Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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Identity if they are , constitutional isomers, stereoisomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, or conformers. 

**Exercise 4.38: Identifying Isomeric Relationships** In this exercise, you will determine the type of relationships existing among pairs of chemical structures. Your task is to identify whether each pair represents constitutional isomers, stereoisomers, or alternative depictions of the same compound. If the pairs are stereoisomers, further classify them as enantiomers or diastereomers. **Pairs for Analysis:** (a) - First Structure: - Contains a central carbon bonded to a bromine (Br), a hydrogen (H), and a methyl group (CH₃). - Additional methyl and ethyl (CH₂CH₃) groups are also connected. - Second Structure: - Central carbon bonded to a bromine (Br), a hydrogen (H), and a methyl group (CH₃). - Also attached are two consecutive ethyl groups (CH₂CH₂). (b) - First Structure: - Features a carbon backbone with hydroxyl groups (OH) on either end. - Configuration of hydroxyl groups is specific to the configuration mirrored in the second structure. - Second Structure: - Similar to the first structure, features a carbon backbone with hydroxyl groups. - Displays an alternative orientation of hydroxyl groups as compared to the first structure. (c) - First Structure: - Features a double-bonded carbon structure with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached. - The carbon chain displays a specific cis/trans arrangement. - Second Structure: - Comprises a similar double-bonded carbon structure with a hydroxyl group (OH). - Exhibits an opposite or varied cis/trans arrangement to the first structure. Analyze each pair to identify their isomeric nature and any applicable stereochemistry. Consider bond connectivity, spatial arrangement, and molecular orientation to draw your conclusions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Exercise 4.38: Identifying Isomeric Relationships** In this exercise, you will determine the type of relationships existing among pairs of chemical structures. Your task is to identify whether each pair represents constitutional isomers, stereoisomers, or alternative depictions of the same compound. If the pairs are stereoisomers, further classify them as enantiomers or diastereomers. **Pairs for Analysis:** (a) - First Structure: - Contains a central carbon bonded to a bromine (Br), a hydrogen (H), and a methyl group (CH₃). - Additional methyl and ethyl (CH₂CH₃) groups are also connected. - Second Structure: - Central carbon bonded to a bromine (Br), a hydrogen (H), and a methyl group (CH₃). - Also attached are two consecutive ethyl groups (CH₂CH₂). (b) - First Structure: - Features a carbon backbone with hydroxyl groups (OH) on either end. - Configuration of hydroxyl groups is specific to the configuration mirrored in the second structure. - Second Structure: - Similar to the first structure, features a carbon backbone with hydroxyl groups. - Displays an alternative orientation of hydroxyl groups as compared to the first structure. (c) - First Structure: - Features a double-bonded carbon structure with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached. - The carbon chain displays a specific cis/trans arrangement. - Second Structure: - Comprises a similar double-bonded carbon structure with a hydroxyl group (OH). - Exhibits an opposite or varied cis/trans arrangement to the first structure. Analyze each pair to identify their isomeric nature and any applicable stereochemistry. Consider bond connectivity, spatial arrangement, and molecular orientation to draw your conclusions.
Expert Solution
Step 1

Isomer

They have same molecular formula and different structural arrangement.

They are further classified as.

Constitution isomer and stereo isomer.

Constitution isomer differ in the skeleton arrangement.

Stereo isomer have different spatial arrangement.

When there is mirror image relationship they are enantiomer.

When there is no mirror image relationship they are diastereoisomer.

 

 

 

 

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