Archaea are different from Eubacteria are different types of prokaryotes because... Archaea lack a nucleus Archaea are unicellular Archaea lack peptidoglycan in their cell wall Archaea do not have ribosomes

Archaea are different from Eubacteria are different types of prokaryotes because... Archaea lack a nucleus Archaea are unicellular Archaea lack peptidoglycan in their cell wall Archaea do not have ribosomes

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter25: Bacteria And Archaea

Section25.4: The Phylogeny Of The Two Prokaryote Domains

Problem 1C

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Which of these do all prokaryotes and eukaryotes share? a. nuclear envelope b. cell walls c. organelles d. plasma membrane
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya are three _____.
A prokaryote converts food energy into the chemical energy of ATP on/in its: chromosome. flagella. ribosomes. cell wall. plasma membrane.
Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells ________. a. have no plasma membrane b. have RNA but not DNA c. have no nucleus d. a and c
Figure 13.6 Which of the following statements is true? a. Gram-positive bacteria have a single cell wall formed from peptidoglycan. b. Gram-positive bacteria have an outer membrane. c. The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria is thick, and the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is thin. d. Gram-negative bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while Gram-positive bacteria have a cell wall made of phospholipids.
Prokaryotes depend on to obtain some materials and to get rid of wastes. ribosomes flagella cell division diffusion
The genus Ferroplasma consists of a few species of acid-loving archaea. One species, F. acidarmanus, was discovered to be the main component of slime streamers (a type of biofilm) deep inside an abandoned California copper mine (Figure 4.11A). F. acidarmanus cells use an ancient energy-harvesting pathway that combines oxygen with ironsulfur compounds in minerals such as pyrite. This reaction dissolves the minerals, so groundwater that seeps into the mine ends up with extremely high concentrations of metal ions such as copper, zinc, cadmium, and arsenic. The reaction also produces sulfuric acid, which lowers the pH of the water around the cells to zero. Despite living in an environment with a composition similar to hot battery acid, F. acidarmanus cells maintain their internal pH at a cozy 5.0. Thus, researchers investigating Ferroplasma metabolic enzymes were surprised to discover that most of the cells enzymes function best at very low pH (Figure 4.11B). A. Deep inside one of the most toxic sites in the United States: Iron Mountain Mine, in California. The water in this stream, which is about 1 meter (3 feet) wide in this photo, is hot (around 40C, or 104F), heavily laden with arsenic and other toxic metals, and has a pH of zero. Slime streamers growing in it are a biofilm dominated by a species of archaea, Ferroplasma acidarmanus. B. pH profiles of four enzymes isolated from F. acidarmus. Researchers had expected these enzymes to function best at the cells cytoplasmic pH (5.0). What does the dashed line signify?
Cyanobacteria harness energy from the sun through photosynthesis, and oxidize water to provide electrons for energy generation. Thus, we classify cyanobacteria as. photolithotrophs photoautotrophs chemolithoautotrophs chemo-organotrophs
A typical prokaryotic cell ________ compared to a eukaryotic cell. a. is smaller in size by a factor of 100 b. is similar in size c. is smaller in size by a factor of one million d. is larger in size by a factor of 10
Figure 4.7 Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells. What advantages might small cell size confer on a cell? What advantages might large cell size have?
Many of the first prokaryotes to be cultured in a scientific lab were human or animal pathogens. Why would these species he more readily cultured than non-pathogenic prokaryotes? Pathogenic prokaryotes are hardier than non-pathogenic prokaryotes Non-pathogenic prokaryotes require more supplements in their growth media Most of the necessary culture conditions could be inferred for pathogenic prokaryotes Pathogenic bacteria can grow as free bacteria, but non-pathogenic bacteria only grow as parts of large colonies.
VISUALIZE Draw a simple sketch illustrating the way in which aerobic bacteria are hypothesized to have become incorporated into an original prokaryotic host cell.