d, e, and f # Applying the Concepts—Basic## Safety of Hybrid CarsAccording to the Highway Loss Data Institute (HLDI), “Hybrid [automobiles] have a safety edge over their conventional twins when it comes to shielding their occupants from injuries in crashes” (HLDI Bulletin, Sept. 2011). Consider data collected by the HLDI on Honda Accords. In a sample of 50,132 collision claims for conventional Accords, 5,364 involved injuries; in a sample of 1,505 collision claims for hybrid Accords, 137 involved injuries. You want to use this information to determine whether the injury rate for hybrid Accords is less than the injury rate for conventional Accords.### Steps:**a.** Identify the two qualitative variables measured for each Honda Accord collision claim.**b.** Form a contingency table for this data, giving the number of claims in each combination of the qualitative variable categories.**c.** Give \( H_0 \) and \( H_a \) for testing whether the injury rate for collision claims depends on Accord model (hybrid or conventional).**d.** Find the expected number of claims in each cell of the contingency table, assuming that \( H_0 \) is true.**e.** Compute the \( \chi^2 \) test statistic and compare your answer with the test statistic shown on the accompanying XLSTAT printout (below).**f.** Find the rejection region for the test using \( \alpha = 0.05 \) and compare your answer to the critical value shown on the accompanying XLSTAT printout.### Contingency Table:| Model | Injury | No Injury ||----------------|--------|-----------|| Conventional | 5,364 | 44,768 || Hybrid | 137 | 1,368 |### XLSTAT Output:- **Chi-square (Observed value):** 3.9139- **Chi-square (Critical value):** 3.8415- **DF:** 1- **p-value:** 0.0479- **alpha:** 0.05**g.** Make the appropriate conclusion using both the rejection region method and the \( p \)-value (shown on the XLSTAT printout).**h.** Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the injury rates of conventional and hybrid Honda Accords. (

Introduction: It is of interest to test whether the injury rate on collision is less for the hybrid…

Applying the Concepts-Basic 10.24 Safety of hybrid cars. According to the Highway Loss NW Data Institute (HLDI), “Hybrid [automobiles] have a safety edge over their conventional twins when it comes HYBRID to shielding their occupants from injuries in crashes" (HLDI Bulletin, Sept. 2011). Consider data collected by the HLDI on Honda Accords. In a sample of 50,132 collision claims for conventional Accords, 5,364 involved injuries; in a sample of 1,505 collision claims for hybrid Accords, 137 involved injuries. You want to use this information to determine whether the injury rate for hybrid Accords is less than the injury rate for conventional Accords. a. Identify the two qualitative variables measured for each Honda Accord collision claim. b. Form a contingency table for this data, giving the num- ber of claims in each combination of the qualitative variable categories. c. Give Ho and Ha for testing whether injury rate for collision claims depends on Accord model (hybrid or conventional). d. Find the expected number of claims in each cell of the contingency table, assuming that Họ is true. e. Compute the x test statistic and compare your answer with the test statistic shown on the accompanying XLSTAT printout (below). f. Find the rejection region for the test using a = .05 and compare your answer to the critical value shown on the accompanying XLSTAT printout. Results for the variables Model and Claim: Contingency table (Model / Claim): Injury 5364 No Injury Conventional 44768 Hybrid 137 1368 Test of independence between the rows and the columns (Model / Claim): Chi-square (Observed value) 3.9139 Chi-square (Critical value) 3.8415 DF 1 p-value 0.0479 alpha 0.05 g. Make the appropriate conclusion using both the re- jection region method and the p-value (shown on the XLSTAT printout). h. Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the injury rates of conventional and hybrid Honda Accords. (See Section 10.3.) Use the inter- val to determine whether the injury rate for hybrid Accords is less than the injury rate for conventional Асcords.