Any time you design code with an artificial limit someone will exceed it. For example, consider the code: void err(const char* const fmt, int a = 0, int b = 0,  int c = 0, int d = 0, int e = 0) {  fprintf(stderr, "Fatal Error:\n");  fprintf(stderr, fmt, a, b, c, d, e);  fprintf(stderr, "\n");  abort(); } Now this works if you wish to write simple messages: err(“Size parameter (%d) out of range”, size); But what happens when we wish to a slightly more complex call? err(“Point (%d,%d) outside of box (%d,%d), (%d,%d)”,  point.x, point.y, box.x1, box.y1, box.x2, box.y2); Our function can take a format and up to five parameters. We just gave it six. It's not going to work. Now we could fix the err function to add another parameter, but that would only work until we needed seven parameter. Another change would be needed at eight and so on.

Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PE
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Any time you design code with an artificial limit someone
will exceed it. For example, consider the code:
void err(const char* const fmt, int a = 0, int b = 0,
 int c = 0, int d = 0, int e = 0)
{
 fprintf(stderr, "Fatal Error:\n");
 fprintf(stderr, fmt, a, b, c, d, e);
 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 abort();
}
Now this works if you wish to write simple messages:
err(“Size parameter (%d) out of range”, size);
But what happens when we wish to a slightly more complex call?
err(“Point (%d,%d) outside of box (%d,%d), (%d,%d)”,
 point.x, point.y, box.x1, box.y1, box.x2, box.y2);
Our function can take a format and up to five parameters. We just gave it
six. It's not going to work.
Now we could fix the err function to add another parameter, but that
would only work until we needed seven parameter. Another change would be
needed at eight and so on. 

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