Answer the following to summarize the test of the hypothesis that the two variables leve training and type(s) of attributions emphasized are not associated. For your test, use the significance. (a) Determine the type of test statistic to use. Type of test statistic: (Choose one) (b) Find the value of the test statistic. (Round to two or more decimal places.) (c) Find the p-value. (Round to three or more decimal places.) d) Can we conclude that the variables level of psychology training and type(s) of attributions emphasized are associated? Use the 0.05 level of significance. Yes No

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Type(s) of attributions emphasized
Mostly
Mostly
dispositional
Mixed
situational
Total
15
21
23
No psych
training
18.88
59
0.238
13
14
27
Psych
degree, but
not a
Level of
17.28
54
psychology
training
psychologist
0.623
13
22
Psychologist
7.40
11.84
17.76
37
3.941
0.114
1.012
Total
30
48
72
150
Part 2
Answer the following to summarize the test of the hypothesis that the two variables level of
training and type(s) of attributions emphasized are not associated. For your test, use the 0.0
significance.
(a) Determine the type of test statistic to
use.
Type of test statistic: (Choose one) ▼
(b) Find the value of the test statistic. (Round to two or more decimal places.)
(c) Find the p-value. (Round to three or more decimal places.)
(d) Can we conclude that the variables level of psychology training and
type(s) of attributions emphasized are associated? Use the 0.05 level of
significance.
O Yes O No
Transcribed Image Text:Type(s) of attributions emphasized Mostly Mostly dispositional Mixed situational Total 15 21 23 No psych training 18.88 59 0.238 13 14 27 Psych degree, but not a Level of 17.28 54 psychology training psychologist 0.623 13 22 Psychologist 7.40 11.84 17.76 37 3.941 0.114 1.012 Total 30 48 72 150 Part 2 Answer the following to summarize the test of the hypothesis that the two variables level of training and type(s) of attributions emphasized are not associated. For your test, use the 0.0 significance. (a) Determine the type of test statistic to use. Type of test statistic: (Choose one) ▼ (b) Find the value of the test statistic. (Round to two or more decimal places.) (c) Find the p-value. (Round to three or more decimal places.) (d) Can we conclude that the variables level of psychology training and type(s) of attributions emphasized are associated? Use the 0.05 level of significance. O Yes O No
You're driving along, listening to the car radio and following the rules of the road, when, all of a sudden, a
silver sedan comes out of nowhere and darts in front of you, causing you to slam on your brakes and spill
your chicken nuggets all over the place.
"Why did that guy just cut me off?!?!?" Most of us, drivers and observers alike, would tend to attribute his
actions to "dispositional" factors: he's a terrible driver, he likes to scare people on the road, etc. We tend to
overlook the possible "situational" factors that may be contributing to his recklessness: he's rushing to the
hospital, he just spilled his own chicken nuggets and temporarily lost control of the car, etc. Psychologists
call this tendency to attribute (often incorrectly) others' actions to dispositional factors rather than to
situational factors as the fundamental attribution error.
We're interested in seeing if there's a difference in inclination to commit the fundamental attribution error
among groups that differ in level of psychology training. We choose three groups of adults to participate in
study: adults who have no psychology training, adults who have a psychology degree but who are not
practicing psychologists, and adults who are practicing psychologists. We show each participant a videotape
on which a scenario similar to the one described above was enacted. Then we ask the participants question
about why the characters in the enactment behaved as they did. We are examining the variables level of
psychology training ("no psych training", "psych degree, but not a psychologist", and "psychologist") and
type(s) of attributions emphasized ("mostly situational", "mixed", and "mostly dispositional").
Suppose that our data are those summarized in the contingency table below. Each cell of the table contai
three numbers: the first number is the observed cell frequency (fo), the second number is the expected
frequency (fp) under the assumption that the two variables level of psychology training and type(s) of
attributions emphasized are not associated, and the third number is the following value.
E
(Observed cell frequency
Expected cell frequency )"
SE
Expected cell frequency
The numbers labeled "Total" are totals for observed frequency.
Transcribed Image Text:You're driving along, listening to the car radio and following the rules of the road, when, all of a sudden, a silver sedan comes out of nowhere and darts in front of you, causing you to slam on your brakes and spill your chicken nuggets all over the place. "Why did that guy just cut me off?!?!?" Most of us, drivers and observers alike, would tend to attribute his actions to "dispositional" factors: he's a terrible driver, he likes to scare people on the road, etc. We tend to overlook the possible "situational" factors that may be contributing to his recklessness: he's rushing to the hospital, he just spilled his own chicken nuggets and temporarily lost control of the car, etc. Psychologists call this tendency to attribute (often incorrectly) others' actions to dispositional factors rather than to situational factors as the fundamental attribution error. We're interested in seeing if there's a difference in inclination to commit the fundamental attribution error among groups that differ in level of psychology training. We choose three groups of adults to participate in study: adults who have no psychology training, adults who have a psychology degree but who are not practicing psychologists, and adults who are practicing psychologists. We show each participant a videotape on which a scenario similar to the one described above was enacted. Then we ask the participants question about why the characters in the enactment behaved as they did. We are examining the variables level of psychology training ("no psych training", "psych degree, but not a psychologist", and "psychologist") and type(s) of attributions emphasized ("mostly situational", "mixed", and "mostly dispositional"). Suppose that our data are those summarized in the contingency table below. Each cell of the table contai three numbers: the first number is the observed cell frequency (fo), the second number is the expected frequency (fp) under the assumption that the two variables level of psychology training and type(s) of attributions emphasized are not associated, and the third number is the following value. E (Observed cell frequency Expected cell frequency )" SE Expected cell frequency The numbers labeled "Total" are totals for observed frequency.
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