Another researcher also decides to conduct a study to observe the association between smoking cessation among long-term smokers and obesity since it has been previously well documented in the literature that smokers tend to gain weight when they stop smoking. The researcher notes that among the individuals who gain weight, many of them have developed heart problems or other medical problems that typically prevent them from exercising as much as their counterparts. In this case the researcher notes that individuals who have developed the heart problems or other medical problems causing them to gain weight also came from family with a high prevalence of risk-taking behaviors, so they consume unhealthy diets and are less likely to exercise in general than their counterparts. This is an example of which of the following? Confounding Effect modification Recall bias Socially desirable response bias
Contingency Table
A contingency table can be defined as the visual representation of the relationship between two or more categorical variables that can be evaluated and registered. It is a categorical version of the scatterplot, which is used to investigate the linear relationship between two variables. A contingency table is indeed a type of frequency distribution table that displays two variables at the same time.
Binomial Distribution
Binomial is an algebraic expression of the sum or the difference of two terms. Before knowing about binomial distribution, we must know about the binomial theorem.
Another researcher also decides to conduct a study to observe the association between smoking cessation among long-term smokers and obesity since it has been previously well documented in the literature that smokers tend to gain weight when they stop smoking. The researcher notes that among the individuals who gain weight, many of them have developed heart problems or other medical problems that typically prevent them from exercising as much as their counterparts. In this case the researcher notes that individuals who have developed the heart problems or other medical problems causing them to gain weight also came from family with a high prevalence of risk-taking behaviors, so they consume unhealthy diets and are less likely to exercise in general than their counterparts. This is an example of which of the following?
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Confounding |
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Effect modification |
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Recall bias |
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Socially desirable response bias |
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