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Anemia is a condition caused by abnormally low hemoglobin or too few red blood cells. Anemic people feel tired and run down and are often susceptible to infections. What takes place at the cellular level in the body of an anemic person that makes them feel tired and get sick more often? In your answer, use the following terms: oxygen, hemoglobin, red blood cells, mitochondria, and ATP energy. (Hint: What do red blood cells carry? Why is this cargo needed by all the cells of your body?)

Anemia is a condition caused by abnormally low hemoglobin or too few red blood cells. Anemic people feel tired and run down and are often susceptible to infections. What takes place at the cellular level in the body of an anemic person that makes them feel tired and get sick more often? In your answer, use the following terms: oxygen, hemoglobin, red blood cells, mitochondria, and ATP energy. (Hint: What do red blood cells carry? Why is this cargo needed by all the cells of your body?)

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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### Overview of Blood Clot Formation The diagram illustrates the process of blood clot formation following damage to a blood vessel. Here's a detailed explanation of the sequence: 1. **Damage to Blood Vessel** - When a blood vessel is damaged, it triggers a physiological response. 2. **Activation of Clotting Proteins** - Clotting proteins are activated as an immediate defense mechanism. 3. **Prothrombin to Thrombin** - Prothrombin, a plasma protein, is converted into thrombin. 4. **Thrombin as an Enzyme** - Thrombin acts as an enzyme in the coagulation cascade. 5. **Conversion of Fibrinogen to Fibrin** - Thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen, a soluble plasma protein, into insoluble fibrin threads. 6. **Platelet Attraction and Plug Formation** - Platelets are attracted to the injury site, where they adhere and form a temporary plug to close the vessel. 7. **Platelets and Fibrin** - The fibrin threads weave through the platelets, holding them in place and stabilizing the structure. 8. **Sealing the Break** - Ultimately, the break in the vessel is sealed, and a stable blood clot is formed. **Figure 3-5** offers a visual representation of how various components interact in the clotting cascade, effectively preventing blood loss and facilitating wound healing.
Transcribed Image Text:### Overview of Blood Clot Formation The diagram illustrates the process of blood clot formation following damage to a blood vessel. Here's a detailed explanation of the sequence: 1. **Damage to Blood Vessel** - When a blood vessel is damaged, it triggers a physiological response. 2. **Activation of Clotting Proteins** - Clotting proteins are activated as an immediate defense mechanism. 3. **Prothrombin to Thrombin** - Prothrombin, a plasma protein, is converted into thrombin. 4. **Thrombin as an Enzyme** - Thrombin acts as an enzyme in the coagulation cascade. 5. **Conversion of Fibrinogen to Fibrin** - Thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen, a soluble plasma protein, into insoluble fibrin threads. 6. **Platelet Attraction and Plug Formation** - Platelets are attracted to the injury site, where they adhere and form a temporary plug to close the vessel. 7. **Platelets and Fibrin** - The fibrin threads weave through the platelets, holding them in place and stabilizing the structure. 8. **Sealing the Break** - Ultimately, the break in the vessel is sealed, and a stable blood clot is formed. **Figure 3-5** offers a visual representation of how various components interact in the clotting cascade, effectively preventing blood loss and facilitating wound healing.
**Cooperative Activity 3-2: Importance of Red Blood Cells** **Application:** Anemia is a condition caused by abnormally low hemoglobin or too few red blood cells. Anemic people feel tired and run down and are often susceptible to infections. **What takes place at the cellular level in the body of an anemic person that makes them feel tired and get sick more often? In your answer, use the following terms: oxygen, hemoglobin, red blood cells, mitochondria, and ATP energy.** *(Hint: What do red blood cells carry? Why is this cargo needed by all the cells of your body?)* **C. White blood cells (WBCs)** 1. There are several types of white blood cells - they all function as part of the __________ system. - See the section on the immune system for more details. **D. Platelets** 1. Platelets are bits of cytoplasm pinched off from large cells in the bone marrow. 2. Platelets function in **blood clotting** - the repair mechanism includes platelets and also clotting proteins found in the plasma. - Clotting proteins are always present in our blood, but are not active unless there's an injury. - Platelets release enzymes that help change inactive clotting proteins into long sticky threads that trap the platelets and form a clot (see Figure 3-5).
Transcribed Image Text:**Cooperative Activity 3-2: Importance of Red Blood Cells** **Application:** Anemia is a condition caused by abnormally low hemoglobin or too few red blood cells. Anemic people feel tired and run down and are often susceptible to infections. **What takes place at the cellular level in the body of an anemic person that makes them feel tired and get sick more often? In your answer, use the following terms: oxygen, hemoglobin, red blood cells, mitochondria, and ATP energy.** *(Hint: What do red blood cells carry? Why is this cargo needed by all the cells of your body?)* **C. White blood cells (WBCs)** 1. There are several types of white blood cells - they all function as part of the __________ system. - See the section on the immune system for more details. **D. Platelets** 1. Platelets are bits of cytoplasm pinched off from large cells in the bone marrow. 2. Platelets function in **blood clotting** - the repair mechanism includes platelets and also clotting proteins found in the plasma. - Clotting proteins are always present in our blood, but are not active unless there's an injury. - Platelets release enzymes that help change inactive clotting proteins into long sticky threads that trap the platelets and form a clot (see Figure 3-5).
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