Analysis of VarianceA sociologist interested in employment discrimination issues conducts an experiment to assess whether male law school graduates are favored over females by large and well established law firms. She asks hiring firms to rate a packet of identical resumes on a scale of 1-10 (10=strong interest) with one exception. The applicant’s names: Jeremy Miller (male), Jordan Miller (gender-neutral), and Janice Miller (female).MaleGender-NeutralFemale623752844634453

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test is used to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between at least two of the mean value among more than two group of samples. The hypothesis in this case is H0:μMale=μGN=μFemaleH1: at least one of the μi is different Let us set the significance level to the standard 5%. The ANOVA output for the given data, as obtained in excel, is as follows Groups Count Sum Average Variance Male 5 31 6.2 2.2 Gender-Neutral 5 19 3.8 1.7 Female 5 16 3.2 0.7 Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit Between Groups 25.2 2 12.6 8.217391 0.005649 3.885294 Within Groups 18.4 12 1.5333 Total 43.6 14 Since the p-value is less than the significance value of 0.05, we have sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that at least one of the sample has a significantly different mean rating.