An elementary particle of mass M completely absorbs a photon, after which its mass s 1.01M. (a) What was the energy of the incoming photon? (b) Why is that energy greater than 0.01Mc²?
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- In special relativity, we introduced the momentum of a particle in a given Lorentz frame as p" = (E,p'), where E is the energy of the particle and p¹ is the relativistic 3-momentum. Explain why, in general relativity, the energy of a particle measured by an observer is given, irrespective of the coordinate system used, by -p Uobs, where p" is the momentum of the particle and uobs is the velocity of the observer in those coordinates.Suppose that you have found a way to convert the rest energy of any type of matter directly to usable energy with an efficiency of 85.0%. How many liters of water would be sufficient fuel to very slowly push the Moon 2.90 mm away from the Earth? The density of water is pwater = 1.00kg/liter, the Earth's mass is Mearth = 5.97 x 1024 kg, the Moon's mass is Mmoon = 7.36 x 10²² kg, and the separation of the Earth and Moon is deM = 3.84 × 10% m. water: LitersA certain X-ray machine generates X-rays from a beam of electrons accelerated from zero to 99.9999999 per cent the speed of light in a long linear accelerator of length 3.2 km. The electrons are generated in pulses of duration ∆t = 100 fs. The generated x-rays from the target are also short pulses (λ = 0.15 nm). What is the average power of the x-ray beam if it pulses 120 times per second and one x-ray pulse contains about a trillion photons (n = 1012). a) 16.0 W b) 1.6 W c) 0.16 W d) none of these.
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