An eagle is flying horizontally at a speed of 2.8 m/s when the fish in her talons wiggles loose and falls into the lake 5.8 m below.

College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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Part (a)  Calculate the magnitude of the velocity of the fish relative to the water when it hits the water in m/s. 

v=

Part (b)  Calculate the angle, in degrees, by which the fish's velocity is directed below the horizontal when the fish hits the water. 

θ=

**Physics Problem: Horizontal Motion and Free Fall**

An eagle is flying horizontally at a speed of **2.8 m/s** when the fish in her talons wiggles loose and falls into the lake **5.8 m** below.

*Problem Explanation:*

This problem involves two key concepts in physics: horizontal motion and free fall under gravity. When the fish wiggles free from the eagle's talons, it continues to move horizontally at the same speed as the eagle (2.8 m/s) due to inertia, while simultaneously falling vertically due to gravity. The fish's vertical motion can be analyzed using the equations of motion under constant acceleration due to gravity.

*Key Points to Consider:*
1. **Horizontal Motion:** The fish maintains a horizontal velocity of 2.8 m/s until it hits the water.
2. **Vertical Motion:** The fish falls from a height of 5.8 meters. The fall is influenced by the gravitational acceleration, which is approximately 9.81 m/s².

*Graphs and Diagrams:*

There are no graphs or diagrams included in this text. However, to solve this problem or illustrate the concepts, one could include:
- A diagram showing the eagle flying and the path of the fish as it falls.
- A graph plotting the horizontal position versus time and vertical position versus time of the fish.

*Math Formulation:*
- Horizontal distance traveled: \( d = v \times t \), where \( v \) is the horizontal velocity (2.8 m/s) and \( t \) is the time.
- Time to fall: Derived from the equation \( h = \frac{1}{2} g t^2 \), where \( h \) is the height (5.8 m) and \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²).

By solving these equations, students can determine both the duration of the fall and the horizontal distance traveled by the fish during its descent.

*Educational Purpose:*
This example helps in understanding the principles of kinematics, specifically the independence of horizontal and vertical components of motion in physics.
Transcribed Image Text:**Physics Problem: Horizontal Motion and Free Fall** An eagle is flying horizontally at a speed of **2.8 m/s** when the fish in her talons wiggles loose and falls into the lake **5.8 m** below. *Problem Explanation:* This problem involves two key concepts in physics: horizontal motion and free fall under gravity. When the fish wiggles free from the eagle's talons, it continues to move horizontally at the same speed as the eagle (2.8 m/s) due to inertia, while simultaneously falling vertically due to gravity. The fish's vertical motion can be analyzed using the equations of motion under constant acceleration due to gravity. *Key Points to Consider:* 1. **Horizontal Motion:** The fish maintains a horizontal velocity of 2.8 m/s until it hits the water. 2. **Vertical Motion:** The fish falls from a height of 5.8 meters. The fall is influenced by the gravitational acceleration, which is approximately 9.81 m/s². *Graphs and Diagrams:* There are no graphs or diagrams included in this text. However, to solve this problem or illustrate the concepts, one could include: - A diagram showing the eagle flying and the path of the fish as it falls. - A graph plotting the horizontal position versus time and vertical position versus time of the fish. *Math Formulation:* - Horizontal distance traveled: \( d = v \times t \), where \( v \) is the horizontal velocity (2.8 m/s) and \( t \) is the time. - Time to fall: Derived from the equation \( h = \frac{1}{2} g t^2 \), where \( h \) is the height (5.8 m) and \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²). By solving these equations, students can determine both the duration of the fall and the horizontal distance traveled by the fish during its descent. *Educational Purpose:* This example helps in understanding the principles of kinematics, specifically the independence of horizontal and vertical components of motion in physics.
**Physics Problem: Projectile Motion**

*Suppose a goalkeeper can give the ball a speed of 25 m/s.*

**Question:**

What is the maximum horizontal distance the ball could go in meters?

\[ R = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \]

**Explanation:**

To solve this problem, you will need to use the principles of projectile motion. The maximum horizontal distance (Range) \( R \) is achieved when the projectile is launched at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal. The formula to calculate the range is:

\[ R = \frac{v^2 \sin(2\theta)}{g} \]

Where:
- \( v \) is the initial velocity of the ball (25 m/s in this case),
- \( \theta \) is the launch angle (45 degrees for maximum range),
- \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately \( 9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2 \)).

Substitute the values into the formula to find the maximum horizontal distance \( R \).
Transcribed Image Text:**Physics Problem: Projectile Motion** *Suppose a goalkeeper can give the ball a speed of 25 m/s.* **Question:** What is the maximum horizontal distance the ball could go in meters? \[ R = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \] **Explanation:** To solve this problem, you will need to use the principles of projectile motion. The maximum horizontal distance (Range) \( R \) is achieved when the projectile is launched at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal. The formula to calculate the range is: \[ R = \frac{v^2 \sin(2\theta)}{g} \] Where: - \( v \) is the initial velocity of the ball (25 m/s in this case), - \( \theta \) is the launch angle (45 degrees for maximum range), - \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately \( 9.81 \, \text{m/s}^2 \)). Substitute the values into the formula to find the maximum horizontal distance \( R \).
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