**Clinical Scenario: Neurological Examination and Spinal Cord Injury**An 18-year-old male is shot in the back and is taken to the emergency room. A neurological exam reveals a hemisection of the right half of the spinal cord extending from T8 to T12.**Question:**Which of the following deficits will most likely result from this injury?**Options:**- Loss of pain and temperature sensation from the left arm and leg; loss of conscious proprioception from the right arm and leg; extreme weakness of right arm and leg- Loss of pain and temperature sensation from the right leg; loss of conscious proprioception from the left leg; extreme weakness of left leg- Loss of pain and temperature sensation from the left leg; loss of conscious proprioception from the right leg; extreme weakness of right leg- Loss of pain and temperature sensation from the right arm; loss of conscious proprioception from the left arm; extreme weakness of left arm- Loss of pain and temperature sensation from the left arm; loss of conscious proprioception from the right arm; extreme weakness of right arm**Explanation:**This scenario describes an injury consistent with Brown-Séquard syndrome, where a hemisection (partial cutting) of the spinal cord leads to a characteristic pattern of neurological deficits.

Spine also called as backbone, This protects the spinal cord and this extends from skull ( below),…

Answered: An 18-year-old male is shot in the back…

Phlebotomy Essentials

6th Edition

ISBN:9781451194524

Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SRQ

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A 67-year-old male patient arrives in the emergency department complaining of progressively worsening bouts of right leg weakness. His wife notes that he is confused and often has trouble forming words at these times, which typically last about a day. The right leg weakness improves only slightly from instance to instance, leaving him weaker each time. Because the symptoms are transient, he has put off seeing a physician until now. His wife is worried that he might be having a stroke. He reports having smoked a pack of cigarettes each day for 45 years. • What surgical procedure will be scheduled? • What tests might the ED physician order to arrive at a diagnosis? • What are the possible diagnoses, and which is most likely?
Which statement is NOT true with respect to a posterior root of the spinal cord? O Is considered sensory O Is considered afferent Cell bodies are housed outside the spinal cord Can contain somatic and/or autonomic information O Cell bodies are housed inside the spinal cord
A 21-year-old male medical student is taken to the ER by his roommates complaining of progressive weakness. The history reveals that this student had an intestinal virus with diarrhea and vomiting that resolve over 2 days. About 10 days later, he noticed tingling sensations and numbness in his feet, followed by progressive weakness. Over the last 8 days it has gotten so bad that he is having trouble standing, and walking. His physical examination shows normal cranial nerves, distal weakness of the lower extremities (about 3+/5), absent reflexes over the lower extremities, and mild decreased vibration and position sense loss. 1. What is your differential diagnosis? 2. Where is the lesion? 3. Which diagnostic test would you perform first and why? 4. What is the most likely diagnosis and why?
After leaving the vertebral column the spinal nerves divide into which branch to the supply the body.
A patient is taken to the hospital when his roommate noticed something wrong with the left side of his face during breakfast. It is discovered he has a problem with the nerve exiting the stylomastoid foramen, a disorder called Bell's palsy. Which of the following problems is this patient likely to have? He is unable to open his left eye He is unable to feel pressure on his left cheek O He is unable to raise his eyebrow on the left side O He is unable to chew O He is unable to protrude his tongue to the right
A typical spinal nerve: Select one: a. normally divides into four branches that will supply the thoracic region, the abdominal region, the pelvic region and the limbs b. is covered by the connective tissue called epineurium c. attaches to the spinal cord via the dorsal root ganglia d. is protected by the dura, arachnoid and pia mater e. contains one nerve fibre and it's myelin sheath
Match the cranial nerve to it's function. IV X V VII 1. 2. facial sensations and mastication 3. 4. eye movements with superior oblique muscle 5. taste, facial expressions, salivary & lacrimal gland secretion sensations of tongue and ear, blood pressure and respiration regulation, salivation, swallowing taste, hunger and fullness, swallowing, speech, reduced heart rate, abdominal organs
A 25-year-old soldier suffers a gunshot wound on the lower part of his back and is unable to move his legs. A neurologic examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan reveal injury of the cauda equina. No other dysfunction is noted. Damage to the following structure could explain the inability to move his legs: dorsal primary rami at spinal cord level L2. True O False
Median nerve: show how it branches from the brachial plexus, travels deep to the clavicle, distally down the anterior brachial and antebrachial regions, and eventually passes through the flexor retinaculum to innervate the wrist flexor muscles. Obturator nerve: show how it branches from the lumbar plexus through the obturator foramen to innervate the muscles of the medial thigh, i.e., gracilis and adductors. Sciatic nerve: show how it branches laterally from the sacral plexus at the intervertebral foramen between L5 and S1 and then pass through the greater sciatic notch to the posterior thigh to innervate the hamstrings. Show anterior and posterior image that show the plexus from which the nerve is derived, its pathway though the body, and to the anatomical area where it innervates skeletal muscles. Show either by drawing or using a skeleton model.
A patient was brought to the emergency department by ambulance with two arrow wounds. One arrow is still on the patient on the left side; entering anterioy between the 7th and 8th ribs in a 15 degree angle, the arrow head protruding pisterioy. The second wound is located in the posterior cervical triangle. describe the autonomic nervous system and explain how the patient's ANS reacts to the arrow and how it will affect the patients viral signs
A lower motor lesion involving CNV will result in: Ipsilateral lower facial paralysis Contralateral lower facial paralysis A and B None of the above
A Case of Spinal Cord Injury Jason is a 21 year old senior at the University of South Africa, majoring in economics. While on spring break in Johannesburg, Jason was involved in a motorcycle accident. In the accident he was thrown from his pike to the pavement, landing on his back. A police officer witnessed the accident and immediately called for medical assistance. Emergency personnel arrived within minutes, and upon recognizing the seriousness of Jason's back injury, immobilized his neck and secured him to a rigid board prior to transporting him to the emergency room of the nearest hospital. When he arrived at the hospital, Jason was conscious and complained of pain in his lower back. Upon examination by the emergency room personnel, Jason was found to have numerous abrasions and contusions, and loss of both sensation and motor control of his legs. After he was stabilized, a complete neurological exam was performed to assess and localize Jason's injury. The neurological exam…

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