Alum is a compound used in a variety of applications including cosmetics, water purification, and as a food additive. It can be synthesized from aluminum metal, sulfuric acid, water, and potassium hydroxide, as seen in the following equation. Using the data below, determine the theoretical and percent yield for this alumn synthesis. Note that aluminum is the limiting reactant. 2 Al(s) + 2 KOH(aq) + 4 H, SO,(aq) + 10 H, O(1) 2 KAI(SO,), · 12 H, O(s) + 3 H, (g) Mass Trial Data Bottle mass (g) 9.7456 Bottle with aluminum pieces (g) 9.8812 Final product and bottle mass (g) 11.988 theoretical yield: g Alum percent yield:

Alum is a compound used in a variety of applications including cosmetics, water purification, and as a food additive. It can be synthesized from aluminum metal, sulfuric acid, water, and potassium hydroxide, as seen in the following equation. Using the data below, determine the theoretical and percent yield for this alumn synthesis. Note that aluminum is the limiting reactant. 2 Al(s) + 2 KOH(aq) + 4 H, SO,(aq) + 10 H, O(1) 2 KAI(SO,), · 12 H, O(s) + 3 H, (g) Mass Trial Data Bottle mass (g) 9.7456 Bottle with aluminum pieces (g) 9.8812 Final product and bottle mass (g) 11.988 theoretical yield: g Alum percent yield:

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Phosphoric acid, a mild acid used among other things as a rust inhibitor, food additive, and etching agent for cavity repair by dentists, can be made from elemental phosphorus in a two step process. In the first step, phosphorus and oxygen react to form diphosphorus pentoxide: →+P4s 5O2g 2P2O5g In the second step, diphosphorus pentoxide and water react to form phosphoric acid H3PO4 : →+P2O5g 3H2Ol 2H3PO4l Suppose the yield of the first step is 66.% and the yield of the second step is 62.% . Calculate the mass of phosphorus required to make 2.0kg of phosphoric acid. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if needed, and is rounded to the correct number of significant digits.
Phosphoric acid, a mild acid used among other things as a rust inhibitor, food additive, and etching agent for cavity repair by dentists, can be made from elemental phosphorus in a two step process. In the first step, phosphorus and oxygen react to form diphosphorus pentoxide: P,(s) + 50,(g) 2 P,0; (g) In the second step, diphosphorus pentoxide and water react to form phosphoric acid (H,PO,): P,0;(g) + 3H,0(1) 2 H;PO, (1) Suppose the yield of the first step is 77.% and the yield of the second step is 67.%. Calculate the mass of phosphorus required to make 6.0 kg of phosphoric acid. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if needed, and is rounded to the correct number of significant digits.
1)What is the theoretical yield (in grams) of CaCO3 in the precipitation reaction that occurs when when a solution prepared by dissolving 1.004 g of solid CaCl2 in 30 mL of water is mixed with a solution prepared by dissolving 0.997 g of Na2CO3 in 30 mL of water?Include the appropriate number of significant figures in your answer. 2)Suppose that 0.814 g of CaCO3 is actually isolated in the precipitation reaction described in Question 1. What is the percent yield of this reaction?Report your answer to the correct number of significant figures. 3)A solution of Na2CO3 is prepared by dissolving 0.511 g of the solid in approximately 30 mL of water. How many moles of Na2CO3 does this solution contain? Express your answer to the correct number of significant figures. 4)Suppose the Na2CO3 solution described in Question 3 is added to a solution that contains excess CaCl2? What is the maximum number of moles of solid CaCO3 that can form in the resulting precipitation reaction?…
Consider the following balanced equation for the reaction of aluminum with sulfuric acid: 2Al(s) + 3H₂SO4(aq) →→→ Al₂(SO4)3(aq) + 3H₂(g) How many moles of H₂SO4 are required to react completely with 3.2 mol of Al
One way the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tests for chloride contaminants in water is by titrating a sample of silver nitrate solution. Any chloride anions in solution will combine with the silver cations to produce bright white silver chloride precipitate. Suppose an EPA chemist tests a 200.mL sample of groundwater known to be contaminated with iron(III) chloride, which would react with silver nitrate solution like this: FeCl3 (aq) + 3AgNO3 (aq) →3AgCl (s) + (FeNO3)3 (aq) The chemist adds 48.0mM silver nitrate solution to the sample until silver chloride stops forming. She then washes, dries, and weighs the precipitate. She finds she has collected 7.5mg of silver chloride. Calculate the concentration of iron(III) chloride contaminant in the original groundwater sample. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
1)What is the theoretical yield (in grams) of CaCO3 in the precipitation reaction that occurs when when a solution prepared by dissolving 1.004 g of solid CaCl2 in 30 mL of water is mixed with a solution prepared by dissolving 0.997 g of Na2CO3 in 30 mL of water?Include the appropriate number of significant figures in your answer. 2)Suppose that 0.814 g of CaCO3 is actually isolated in the precipitation reaction described in Question 1. What is the percent yield of this reaction?Report your answer to the correct number of significant figures. 3)A solution of Na2CO3 is prepared by dissolving 0.511 g of the solid in approximately 30 mL of water. How many moles of Na2CO3 does this solution contain? Express your answer to the correct number of significant figures. 4)Suppose the Na2CO3 solution described in Question 13 is added to a solution that contains excess CaCl2? What is the maximum number of moles of solid CaCO3 that can form in the resulting precipitation reaction?…
The rocket boosters of the space shuttle Discovery, launched on July 26, 2005, used a fuel mixture containing primarily solid ammonium perchlorate, NH4ClO4, and aluminum metal. The unbalanced chemical equation for the reaction is given below. (Hint: Balance the elements in the order Cl, H, O, Al, N.) Al(s) + NH4CIO4(s) Al₂O3(s) + AlCl3(s) + H₂O(l) + N₂(g) What is the mass (in kilograms) of NH4ClO4 consumed per kilogram of Al, assuming a percent yield of 87.20%? (Answer with two decimal places.)
Manganese commonly occurs in nature as a mineral. The extraction of manganese from the carbonite mineral rhodochrosite, involves a two-step process. In the first step, manganese (II) carbonate and oxygen react to form manganese (IV) oxide and carbon dioxide: 2 MnCO3(s) + O₂(g) 2 MnO₂ (s) +2 CO₂(g) In the second step, manganese (IV) oxide and aluminum react to form manganese and aluminum oxide: 3 MnO₂(s) +4 Al(s)-3 Mn(s) +2 Al₂O3(s) Write the net chemical equation for the production of manganese from manganese (II) carbonate, oxygen and aluminum. Be sure your equation is balanced. ol 41
The useful metal manganese can be extracted from the mineral rhodochrosite by a two-step process. In the first step, manganese(II) carbonate and oxygen react to form manganese(IV) oxide and carbon dioxide: 2MnCO3(s) + O₂(g) → In the second step, manganese (IV) oxide and aluminum react to form manganese and aluminum oxidide: 3 MnO₂ (s) + 4A1(s) 3 Mn (s) + 2 Al₂O3(s) Check 2 MnO₂ (s) + 2 CO₂ (g) Suppose the yield of the first step is 88.% and the yield of the second step is 70.%. Calculate the mass of manganese(II) carbonate required to make 1.0 kg of manganese. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if needed, and is rounded to the correct number of significant digits. 0 0 x10 nin 0 0.0 S Save For Later E OL A S C Submit Assignmen
One way the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tests for chloride contaminants in water is by titrating a sample of silver nitrate solution. Any chloride anions in solution will combine with the silver cations to produce bright white silver chloride precipitate, Suppose an EPA chemist tests a 200 mL sample of groundwater known to be contaminated with iron(III) chloride, which would react with silver nitrate solution like this: FeCl,(aq) + 3 AgNO,(aq) 3 AgCl(s) + Fe(NO₂),(ag) The chemist adds 21.0 mM silver nitrate solution to the sample until silver chloride stops forming. He then washes, dries, and weighs the precipitate. He finds he has collected 3.3 mg of silver chloride. Calculate the concentration of iron(III) chloride contaminant in the original groundwater sample. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits. e -12 D.P C P
A reaction is performed where 10.0 g K2S(s) are added to 250.0 mL of a 0.855 M HCl (aq) solution. Write a balanced equation for the reaction that would occur. Calculate the maximum number of moles of the gaseous product that can form? Which substance is the limiting reactant? How many moles of the non-limiting (or excess) reactant remain if the reaction goes to completion?What is the volume of the gas that forms if it is collected at 0.987 atm and 27.5°C?
One way the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tests for chloride contaminants in water is by titrating a sample of silver nitrate solution. Any chloride anions in solution will combine with the silver cations to produce bright white silver chloride precipitate. Suppose an EPA chemist tests a 250. mL sample of groundwater known to be contaminated with iron(II) chloride, which would react with silver nitrate solution like this: FeCl₂(aq) + 2 AgNO3(aq) → 2 AgCl(s) + Fe(NO3)₂(aq) The chemist adds 16.0 mM silver nitrate solution to the sample until silver chloride stops forming. She then washes, dries, and weighs the precipitate. She finds she has collected 2.0 mg of silver chloride. Calculate the concentration of iron(II) chloride contaminant in the original groundwater sample. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. mg 0 L x10 X Ś