Aisha is a 15 month old girl who is at her Pediatrician's office with her mom to get several vaccines including the MMR vaccine which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.  Aisha's mom has a hard time seeing her baby girl cry and asks if these vaccines are really necessary considering the fact the she was breastfeeding Aisha up until a few months ago and she heard that breastmilk contains antibodies.  Answer the questions below to get you thinking about immunity and how vaccines work to provide protection. 1.What is an antibody?  Do you think that antibodies in breastmilk would protect Aisha?  Why or why not?

Phlebotomy Essentials
6th Edition
ISBN:9781451194524
Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting
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Aisha is a 15 month old girl who is at her Pediatrician's office with her mom to get several vaccines including the MMR vaccine which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.  Aisha's mom has a hard time seeing her baby girl cry and asks if these vaccines are really necessary considering the fact the she was breastfeeding Aisha up until a few months ago and she heard that breastmilk contains antibodies.  Answer the questions below to get you thinking about immunity and how vaccines work to provide protection.

1.What is an antibody?  Do you think that antibodies in breastmilk would protect Aisha?  Why or why not?

1.Please explain to Judi’s mother how a vaccine works in terms of memory cells and immunity.  In your discussion, differentiate between active and passive immunity and explain which type of protection a vaccine provides and why this is more long-lasting than the antibodies the baby receives in the breast milk.

1.At a later date, Aisha will receive booster vaccines.  Explain the purpose of these.

Expert Solution
Step 1 immunity and antibodies

Immunity is the power of body to fight against pathogens , it is the body's defence system against diseases 

Types of immunity -- 

  • Innate immunity -- immunity which is present since birth 
  • Acquired immunity -- immunity that we develop during our lifetime 

Innate immunity -- further divided into 

  • Anatomical barrier 
  • Phagocytic barrier 
  • Cytokines 
  • Blood proteins 

Acquired immunity -- divided into 

  • Active immunity 
  • Passive immunity
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