Air temperatures fluctuate less between day and night and between seasons in places that are closer to a large body of water like the ocean or the San Francisco Bay, than in places that are further away. Use the properties of water to explain this phenomenon

Air temperatures fluctuate less between day and night and between seasons in places that are closer to a large body of water like the ocean or the San Francisco Bay, than in places that are further away. Use the properties of water to explain this phenomenon

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter44: Human Effects On The Biosphere

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CT

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The majority of the water found on Earth is: a. ice b. water vapor c. fresh water d. salt water
London, England, is at the same latitude as Calgary in Canadas province of Alberta. However, the mean January temperature in London is 5.5C (42F), whereas in Calgary it is minus 10C (14F). Compare the locations of these two cities, and suggest a reason for this temperature difference.
Changes in the Air To assess the impact of human activity on the carbon dioxide level in Earth's atmosphere, it helps to take a long view. One useful data set comes from deep core samples of Antarctic ice. The oldest ice core that has been fully analyzed dates back a bit more than 400,000 years. Air bubbles trapped in the ice provide information about the gas content in Earth's atmosphere at the time the ice formed. Combining ice core data with more recent direct measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxideas in FIGURE 46.20can help scientists put current changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide into historical perspective. FIGURE 46.20 Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (in parts per million). Direct measurements began in 1980. Earlier data are based on ice cores. The industrial revolution occurred around 1800. What was the trend in carbon dioxide level in the 800 years prior to this event? What about in the 175 years after it?
Changes in the Air To assess the impact of human activity on the carbon dioxide level in Earth's atmosphere, it helps to take a long view. One useful data set comes from deep core samples of Antarctic ice. The oldest ice core that has been fully analyzed dates back a bit more than 400,000 years. Air bubbles trapped in the ice provide information about the gas content in Earth's atmosphere at the time the ice formed. Combining ice core data with more recent direct measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxideas in FIGURE 46.20can help scientists put current changes in the atmospheric carbon dioxide into historical perspective. FIGURE 46.20 Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (in parts per million). Direct measurements began in 1980. Earlier data are based on ice cores. 4. Was the rise in the carbon dioxide level between 1800 and 1975 larger or smaller than the rise between 1980 and 2013?
Mercury Emissions by Continent By weight, coal does not contain much mercury, but we burn a lot of it. Several industries besides coal-fired power plants contribute substantially to atmospheric mercury pollution. FIGURE 2.13 shows mercury emissions by industry from different regions of the world in 2010. FIGURE 2.13 Global mercury emissions by sector, 2010. Which industry tops the list of mercury emitters? Which industry is next on the list?
How does increasing solute concentration affect water potential? (a) water potential becomes more positive (b) water potential becomes more negative (c) water potential becomes more positive under certain conditions and more negative under other conditions (d) water potential is not affected by solute concentration (e) water potential is always zero when solutes are dissolved in water
Figure 20.12 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? a. Ammonification converts organic nitrogenous matter from living organisms into ammonium (NH4+) . b. Denitrification by bacteria converts nitrates (NO3) to nitrogen gas (N2) . c. Nitrification by bacteria converts nitrates (NO3) to nitrites (NO2) . d. Nitrogen fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas (N2) into organic compounds.
Mercury Emissions by Continent By weight, coal does not contain much mercury, but we burn a lot of it. Several industries besides coal-fired power plants contribute substantially to atmospheric mercury pollution. FIGURE 2.13 shows mercury emissions by industry from different regions of the world in 2010. FIGURE 2.13 Global mercury emissions by sector, 2010. About how many metric tons of mercury were released in total from these regions?
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London, England, is at the same latitude as Calgary in Canadas province of Alberta. However, the mean January temperature in London is 5.5C 42F, whereas in Calgary it is minus 10C 14F. Review Section 43.2, then suggest a reason for the difference in climate.
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