Active transport Passivo transport Simple diffusion Facilitated diffusion H,0 Sugar Na Plasma membrane Rectangular Transport proteins Transport proteins Energy Figure 4.4 The plasma membrane is a barrier and a gatekeeper The plasma membrane moves substances in a highly selective fashion, determined in large part by the types of membrane proteins embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. CB

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.