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According to the table above, name 1 method that is least effective in killing endospores and explain why.

According to the table above, name 1 method that is least effective in killing endospores and explain why.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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According to the table above, name 1 method that is least effective in killing endospores and explain why.
TABLE 9.4 Physical Methods of Microbial Control Conditions Method Moist Heat Boiling Autoclaving (pressure cooking) Pasteurization Ultra-high-temperature sterilization Dry Heat Hot air Incineration Refrigeration Freezing Desiccation (drying) Lyophilization (freeze-drying) Filtration Osmotic Pressure lonizing Radiation (electron beams, gamma rays, X rays) Nonionizing Radiation (ultraviolet light) 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 10 min at 100°C (at sea level) 15 min at 121°C 30 minutes at 63°C; 15 sec at 72°C 1-3 sec at 140°C 2 h at 160°C or 1 h at 171°C 1 sec at approximately 1500°C 0-7°C Below 0°C Varies with amount of water to be removed -196°C for a few minutes while drying Filter retains microbes Exposure to hypertonic solutions Seconds to hours of exposure (depending on wavelength of radiation) Irradiation with 260-nm-wavelength radiation Action Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins, destroys membranes, oxidizes metabolic compounds Oxidizes everything completely Inhibits metabolism Inhibits metabolism Inhibits metabolism Inhibits metabolism Physically separates microbes from air and liquids Inhibits metabolism Destroys DNA Formation of thymine dimers inhib- Ts DNA transcription and replication Representative Use(s) Disinfection of baby Bottles and sanitization of restaurant.cookware and tableware Autoclave: sterilization of medical and laboratory supplies that can tolerate heat and moisture; pressure cooker: sterilization of canned food Destruction of all pathogens and most spoilage microbes in dairy products, fruit juices, beer, and wine Sterilization of dairy products Sterilization of water-sensitive materials, such as powders, oils, and metals Sterilization of inoculating loops, flammable contaminated medical waste, and diseased carcasses Preservation of food Long-term preservation of foods, drugs, and cultures Preservation of food Long-term storage of bacterial cultures Sterilization of air and of heat-sensitive ophthalmic and enzymatic solutions, vaccines, and antibiotics Preservation of food Sterilization of medical and laboratory equipment and preservation of food Disinfection and sterilization of surfaces and of transparent fluids and gases
Transcribed Image Text:TABLE 9.4 Physical Methods of Microbial Control Conditions Method Moist Heat Boiling Autoclaving (pressure cooking) Pasteurization Ultra-high-temperature sterilization Dry Heat Hot air Incineration Refrigeration Freezing Desiccation (drying) Lyophilization (freeze-drying) Filtration Osmotic Pressure lonizing Radiation (electron beams, gamma rays, X rays) Nonionizing Radiation (ultraviolet light) 2021 Pearson Education, Inc. 10 min at 100°C (at sea level) 15 min at 121°C 30 minutes at 63°C; 15 sec at 72°C 1-3 sec at 140°C 2 h at 160°C or 1 h at 171°C 1 sec at approximately 1500°C 0-7°C Below 0°C Varies with amount of water to be removed -196°C for a few minutes while drying Filter retains microbes Exposure to hypertonic solutions Seconds to hours of exposure (depending on wavelength of radiation) Irradiation with 260-nm-wavelength radiation Action Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins and destroys membranes Denatures proteins, destroys membranes, oxidizes metabolic compounds Oxidizes everything completely Inhibits metabolism Inhibits metabolism Inhibits metabolism Inhibits metabolism Physically separates microbes from air and liquids Inhibits metabolism Destroys DNA Formation of thymine dimers inhib- Ts DNA transcription and replication Representative Use(s) Disinfection of baby Bottles and sanitization of restaurant.cookware and tableware Autoclave: sterilization of medical and laboratory supplies that can tolerate heat and moisture; pressure cooker: sterilization of canned food Destruction of all pathogens and most spoilage microbes in dairy products, fruit juices, beer, and wine Sterilization of dairy products Sterilization of water-sensitive materials, such as powders, oils, and metals Sterilization of inoculating loops, flammable contaminated medical waste, and diseased carcasses Preservation of food Long-term preservation of foods, drugs, and cultures Preservation of food Long-term storage of bacterial cultures Sterilization of air and of heat-sensitive ophthalmic and enzymatic solutions, vaccines, and antibiotics Preservation of food Sterilization of medical and laboratory equipment and preservation of food Disinfection and sterilization of surfaces and of transparent fluids and gases
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