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- _____ is a CPU design technique in which instruction execution is divided into multiple stages and different instructions can execute in different stages simultaneously.2. An implementation of the above RISC-V microprocessor has been designed where the supported instructions are classified as follows with regard to the number of cycles required to execute: Arithmetic & Logic: 4 cycles Memory Access: 5 cycles 3 cycles Branching: System Calls: 1 cycle What is the average CPI for this microprocessor? (includes lui, add, addi, or, ori, sub, and, (includes all loads and stores) (includes blt, beq, bne) (includes ecall) andi)Read the given scenario and answer questions based on 8086 microprocessor architecture. A programmer has written Assembly Language Program (ALP) using 8086 instruction set. The program will read any 200 user given inputs and process them to generate 200 outputs using stack. Each input and output is a byte length data. The input values are read from memory location D217H onward and the output values are stored from memory location E106H onward. The program uses a stack and the stack is defined from the memory location 54DAH and it can store 500 values. The program has 450 instructions stored from the memory location 6E20H to 713DH. The last instruction is HLT which is a byte long instruction. Identify the segments of the given memory locations Memory Location 6EEEH Code Segment Memory Location D2D0, Data Segment Memory Location 55A2H Stack Segment What will be the value of the Instruction Pointer (IP) when the program is about to execute the 449th instruction which is of a two address…
- Assignment-04. A non-pipelined CPU has 12 general purpose registers (RO, R1, R2, . Following operation are supported: R12), .... ADD Ra, Rb, Rr Add Ra to Rb and store the result in Rr MUL Ra, Rb, Rr Multiply Ra to Rb and store the result in Rr MUL operations takes two dlock cycles, ADD takes one clock cycle. Calculate minimum number of clock cycles required to compute the value of the expression XY +XYZ + YZ The variables X,Y, Z are initially available in registers RO, R1 and R2 and contents of these registers must not be modified,Consider a memory implemented for 8086 microprocessor Draw the memory block diagram. Determine the values for A0 , /BHE ,address lines(A1..A19) and data lines(D0.. D15) in order to access: A byte at odd address [01FF3H] A byte at even address [01FFCH] A word at even address [01FFEH] A word at odd address [01ABFH]Computer Architecture (Already submit this question, but I think I got wrong solution) Consider a computer that has a number of registers such that the three registers R0 =1500, R1 = 4500, and R2 = 1000 Show the effective address of memory and the registers’ contents in each of the following instructions 1. ADD (R1), R2 2. MOVE 500(R0), R2 3. ADD (40), R1 4. SUBTRACT (5000), R2 5. ADD #30, R2
- in 80886 microprocessor Suppose that. DS = 0200H, BX = 0300H, and DI-400H Determine the memory address accessed by each of the following instructions, assuming real mode operation: (1) MOV AL,[1234H] (2) MOV AX,[BX] (3) MOV [DI]ALQ1. Compute the effective CPI for an implementation of a RISC-V CPU using The Figurel. Assume we have made the following measurements of average CPI for instruction types: Instruction All ALU operations Loads Stores Branches Jumps Program astar bzip gec gobmk h264ref hmmer libquantum mcf omnetpp perlbench sjeng xalancbmk Loads 28% 20% 17% 21% 33% 28% 16% 35% 23% 25% 19% 30% Stores 6% 7% 23% 12% 14% 9% 6% 11% 15% 14% 7% 8% Clock cycles 1.1 4.2 3.3 2.8 3.0 Branches 18% 11% 20% 14% 5% 17% 29% 24% 17% 15% 15% 27% Jumps 2% 1% 4% 2% 2% 0% 0% 1% 7% 7% 3% 3% ALU operations 46% 54% 36% 50% 45% 46% 48% 29% 31% 39% 56% 31% Average the instruction frequencies of astar and perlbench to obtain the instruction mix.Consider a hypothetical microprocessor generating a 16-bit address (for example, as- sume that the program counter and the address registers are 16 bits wide) and having a 16-bit data bus. a. What is the maximum memory address space that the processor can access directly if it is connected to a "16-bit memory"? b. What is the maximum memory address space that the processor can access directly if it is connected to an "8-bit memory"? c. What architectural features will allow this microprocessor to access a separate "I/O space"?
- Consider the instruction ADD R1, M (R1 = R1 + [M]). M is the memory address of the operand. It is a two-word instruction – first word is the op-code and the second word is the address of the operand. Give the RTL description for the complete execution (including fetch phase) of the instruction.Consider a hypothetical 23-bit processor called HYP23 with all registers, including PC and SP, being 23 bits long. The smallest addressable unit in memory is an 8-bit byte B. Assume that first quarter of the address space (starts at the address 0x00000) is dedicated to HYP23’s RAM memory and the upper half of the address space is reserved for HYP23’s Flash memory. Give address ranges for the RAM and Flash memories. Fill in the table below. What are the sizes of the RAM memory and the Flash memory? Start Byte Address End Byte Address RAM memory Flash memory RAM memory size [Bytes/KiB]:____________________________Flash memory size [bytes/KiB]:____________________________Consider the following instruction sequence where registers R1,R2 and R3 are general purpose and MEMORY[X] denotes the content at the memory location X. InstructionMOV R1,(5000)MOV R2,(R3)ADDR2,R1MOV (R3),R2INC R3DEC R1BNZ 1004HALTSemanticsR1←MEMORY[5000]R2←MEMORY[R3]R2←R1+R2MEMORY[R3]←R2R3←R3+1R1←R1−1Branch if not zero to thegiven absolute addressStopInstruction Size (bytes)44242221 Assume that the content of the memory location 5000 is 10, and the content of the register R3 is 3000. The content of each of the memory locations from 3000 to 3020 is 50. The instruction sequence starts from the memory location 1000. All the numbers are in decimal format. Assume that the memory is byte addressable. After the execution of the program, the content of memory location 3010 is