ABC Ltd. has three production departments P1, P2 and P3 and two service departments S1 and S2. The following data are extracted from the records of the Company for the month of October, 2018 : 2$ 25,000 50,000 20,000 $ Rent and Rates General Lighting Indirect Wages 62,500 Power 7,500 Depreciation on Machinery 18,750 Insurance of Machinery Other Information : P1 P2 P3 S1 S2 Direct Wages ( $) 37,500 25,000 37,500 18,750 6,250 Horse Power of Machines Used 60 30 50 10 Cost of Machinery ($) Fioor Space (Sq. ft) 3,00,000 4,00,000 5,00,000 25,000 25,000 2,000 2,500 3,000 2,000 500 Number of Light Points 10 15 20 10 Production Hours Worked 6,225 4,050 4,100 Expenses of the service departments S1 and S2 are reapportioned as below : S1 P2 P3 S2 10% P1 30% 40% S1 S2 20% 40% 20% 30% 10% Required : (i) Compute overhead absorption rate per production hour of each production department. (ii) Determine the total cost of product X which is processed for manufacture in department P1, P, and P3 for 5 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours respectively, given that its direct material cost is $ 625 and direct labour cost is $ 375.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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