Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
Answer each question using the ball-and-stick model of compound A.
Draw a constitutional isomer that contains an ether and give its IUPAC
name.
Draw the products formed (including stereochemistry) when A is
treated with each reagent: [1] NaH; [2] H2SO4; [3] POCl3, pyridine; [4]
HCl; [5] SOCl2, pyridine; [6] TsCl, pyridine
SOLUTION:
Step 1:
Hello. Since the question has multiple sub-parts, the first three parts are solved. In case the solution for other parts is required, repost the entire question and specify the part that has to be solved.
Step 2:
In the given ball and stick model, the black color represents carbon, grey colored represents hydrogen and red color ball represents oxygen atom.
The compound contains five membered as a parent ring and a secondary butyl group are present in the compound. So, the hydroxyl group is at first carbon and secondary-butyl group at second carbon. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the molecule is 2-isobutyl-1-cyclopentanol.
The constitutional isomer of compound A with ether as a functional group is as follows:
The IUPAC name of the compound is isobutoxycyclopentane.
The provided compound A and its isomer are as follows:
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