a. P4 (s) + 6 Cl, (g) → 4 PCI, (1I) b. PCl,(g) +3 NH, (g) → P(NH,), (g) + 3 HCl (g) c. 2 H,O, (1) >→ 2 H,0 (1) + O, (g) d. CH, (g) + H,0 (g) → CO (g) +3 H, (g) O A. В. D. C.
a. P4 (s) + 6 Cl, (g) → 4 PCI, (1I) b. PCl,(g) +3 NH, (g) → P(NH,), (g) + 3 HCl (g) c. 2 H,O, (1) >→ 2 H,0 (1) + O, (g) d. CH, (g) + H,0 (g) → CO (g) +3 H, (g) O A. В. D. C.
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
9th Edition
ISBN:9781337399425
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter17: Equilibrium
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 10CR: . Explain what it means that a reaction has reached a state of chemical equilibrium. Explain why...
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Which reaction would produce more products when the pressure is increased?
![On this page, we are examining a series of chemical reactions as part of understanding chemical equilibrium concepts. Specifically, we are considering how these reactions shift when certain conditions are changed.
The image presents four different chemical reactions labeled "a" through "d". Here are the reactions transcribed:
**a. Reaction between phosphorus and chlorine:**
\[ P_4 (s) + 6 Cl_2 (g) \leftrightarrow 4 PCl_3 (l) \]
**b. Reaction between phosphorus trichloride and ammonia:**
\[ PCl_3 (g) + 3 NH_3 (g) \leftrightarrow P(NH_2)_3 (g) + 3 HCl (g) \]
**c. Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide:**
\[ 2 H_2O_2 (l) \leftrightarrow 2 H_2O (l) + O_2 (g) \]
**d. Reaction between methane and water:**
\[ CH_4 (g) + H_2O (g) \leftrightarrow CO (g) + 3 H_2 (g) \]
Below these reactions, there are multiple-choice options labeled "A", "B", "C", and "D".
The numbers of reactants and products, as well as their states of matter (solid - s, liquid - l, gas - g), are critical for understanding each reaction's dynamics and their behavior under varying conditions like changes in pressure, temperature, or concentration of reactants and products.
### Interpretation of the Equilibrium Reactions:
1. **Reaction (a)** summarizes the synthesis of phosphorus trichloride from elemental phosphorus and chlorine gas.
2. **Reaction (b)** involves the reaction between gaseous phosphorus trichloride and ammonia to form a compound with both phosphorus and nitrogen, releasing hydrochloric acid gas as a byproduct.
3. **Reaction (c)** is the decomposition of liquid hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas.
4. **Reaction (d)** represents the steam reforming process of methane to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.
### Understanding the Shifts in Equilibrium:
We can apply Le Chatelier's principle to predict how these reactions will shift when pressures, temperatures, or concentrations are altered. For instance, increasing the pressure on reaction (d) would likely shift the equilibrium to the side with fewer gas molecules, and since](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F8466b748-e672-4c61-893b-8156cddfafb1%2F9f1d9266-6662-45e5-8d14-04dd8cb58945%2Fl5kpap_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:On this page, we are examining a series of chemical reactions as part of understanding chemical equilibrium concepts. Specifically, we are considering how these reactions shift when certain conditions are changed.
The image presents four different chemical reactions labeled "a" through "d". Here are the reactions transcribed:
**a. Reaction between phosphorus and chlorine:**
\[ P_4 (s) + 6 Cl_2 (g) \leftrightarrow 4 PCl_3 (l) \]
**b. Reaction between phosphorus trichloride and ammonia:**
\[ PCl_3 (g) + 3 NH_3 (g) \leftrightarrow P(NH_2)_3 (g) + 3 HCl (g) \]
**c. Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide:**
\[ 2 H_2O_2 (l) \leftrightarrow 2 H_2O (l) + O_2 (g) \]
**d. Reaction between methane and water:**
\[ CH_4 (g) + H_2O (g) \leftrightarrow CO (g) + 3 H_2 (g) \]
Below these reactions, there are multiple-choice options labeled "A", "B", "C", and "D".
The numbers of reactants and products, as well as their states of matter (solid - s, liquid - l, gas - g), are critical for understanding each reaction's dynamics and their behavior under varying conditions like changes in pressure, temperature, or concentration of reactants and products.
### Interpretation of the Equilibrium Reactions:
1. **Reaction (a)** summarizes the synthesis of phosphorus trichloride from elemental phosphorus and chlorine gas.
2. **Reaction (b)** involves the reaction between gaseous phosphorus trichloride and ammonia to form a compound with both phosphorus and nitrogen, releasing hydrochloric acid gas as a byproduct.
3. **Reaction (c)** is the decomposition of liquid hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas.
4. **Reaction (d)** represents the steam reforming process of methane to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.
### Understanding the Shifts in Equilibrium:
We can apply Le Chatelier's principle to predict how these reactions will shift when pressures, temperatures, or concentrations are altered. For instance, increasing the pressure on reaction (d) would likely shift the equilibrium to the side with fewer gas molecules, and since
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