a. Based on the macro workhorse model, explain the 'journey' (mechanism) how an initial disequilibrium can revert to equilibrium by using fiscal policy. b. Some argue that in the medium run, the expansionary effect of fiscal stimulus disappears, bringing the output back to the initial level (the phenomenon of 'Ricardian equivalence'). Explain the mechanism of the Ricardian fiscal policy.

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Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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Expectation in Fiscal policy & Ricardian equivalence. One can argue that
macroeconomics is essentially a story of a 'journey' from disequilibrium back to
equilibrium. The recession caused by Covid that had forced many countries to use
fiscal policy to compensate the shock and stimulate the economy is one example of
disequilibrium. Cited from the Ministry of Finance website, the use of the government
budget to mitigate the impact of the Covid crisis was clearly stated: "The state budget
will continue to work hard to protect the community through Covid 19 handling from
a health perspective, especially during the implementation of the Emergency
Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM). This refocusing and sharpening of
priorities is expected to help all communities in various sectors, especially the health
sector, in dealing with Emergency PPKM." (MOF-RI News Index, 7/5/2021).
Questions:
a. Based on the macro workhorse model, explain the 'journey' (mechanism) how an
initial disequilibrium can revert to equilibrium by using fiscal policy.
b. Some argue that in the medium run, the expansionary effect of fiscal stimulus
disappears, bringing the output back to the initial level (the phenomenon of
'Ricardian equivalence'). Explain the mechanism of the Ricardian fiscal policy.
Transcribed Image Text:Expectation in Fiscal policy & Ricardian equivalence. One can argue that macroeconomics is essentially a story of a 'journey' from disequilibrium back to equilibrium. The recession caused by Covid that had forced many countries to use fiscal policy to compensate the shock and stimulate the economy is one example of disequilibrium. Cited from the Ministry of Finance website, the use of the government budget to mitigate the impact of the Covid crisis was clearly stated: "The state budget will continue to work hard to protect the community through Covid 19 handling from a health perspective, especially during the implementation of the Emergency Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM). This refocusing and sharpening of priorities is expected to help all communities in various sectors, especially the health sector, in dealing with Emergency PPKM." (MOF-RI News Index, 7/5/2021). Questions: a. Based on the macro workhorse model, explain the 'journey' (mechanism) how an initial disequilibrium can revert to equilibrium by using fiscal policy. b. Some argue that in the medium run, the expansionary effect of fiscal stimulus disappears, bringing the output back to the initial level (the phenomenon of 'Ricardian equivalence'). Explain the mechanism of the Ricardian fiscal policy.
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