a. Automobile fuel ignites at about 550 K. Estimate the Carnot efficiency assuming that this is the temperature of high-temperature thermal reservoir and the low-temperature thermal reservoir is at the approximate room temperature 300 K. The Carnot efficiency for automobile engines is b. In a steam-electric power station, fossil-fuel powered superheater provides a steam of high temperature 700 K. Estimate the Carnot efficiency assuming that the temperature of low- temperature reservoir is at about 350 K (temperature of the condensor kept well below 100°C). The Carnot efficiency for steam-electric power station is c. A lecture-demonstration Stirling engine uses a hot cup of coffee as the source of heat energy. Using the high-temperature of 350 K as the temperature of the high-temperature reservor and the room temperature 300 K is the low-temperature reservoir, estimate the Carnot efficiency. The Carnot efficiency for coffee-cup powered engine is %.

a. Automobile fuel ignites at about 550 K. Estimate the Carnot efficiency assuming that this is the temperature of high-temperature thermal reservoir and the low-temperature thermal reservoir is at the approximate room temperature 300 K. The Carnot efficiency for automobile engines is b. In a steam-electric power station, fossil-fuel powered superheater provides a steam of high temperature 700 K. Estimate the Carnot efficiency assuming that the temperature of low- temperature reservoir is at about 350 K (temperature of the condensor kept well below 100°C). The Carnot efficiency for steam-electric power station is c. A lecture-demonstration Stirling engine uses a hot cup of coffee as the source of heat energy. Using the high-temperature of 350 K as the temperature of the high-temperature reservor and the room temperature 300 K is the low-temperature reservoir, estimate the Carnot efficiency. The Carnot efficiency for coffee-cup powered engine is %.

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

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Question

Carnot efficiency-theoretical maximum efficiency-can be calculated with just the temperatures of the
thermal reservoirs. This makes it a useful tool to quickly estimate possible efficiency for different
situations. Try the calculations below.
Hint
a. Automobile fuel ignites at about 550 K. Estimate the Carnot efficiency assuming that this is the
temperature of high-temperature thermal reservoir and the low-temperature thermal reservoir is at
the approximate room temperature 300 K.
The Carnot efficiency for automobile engines is
%.
b. In a steam-electric power station, fossil-fuel powered superheater provides a steam of high
temperature 700 K. Estimate the Carnot efficiency assuming that the temperature of low-
temperature reservoir is at about 350 K (temperature of the condensor kept well below 100°C).
The Carnot efficiency for steam-electric power station is
%.
C. A lecture-demonstration Stirling engine uses a hot cup of coffee as the source of heat energy. Using
the high-temperature of 350 K as the temperature of the high-temperature reservor and the room
temperature 300 K is the low-temperature reservoir, estimate the Carnot efficiency.
The Carnot efficiency for coffee-cup powered engine is
%.
Parting Notes: Of course, efficiencies of real engines are quite a bit lower-the processes are irreversible,
and the actual temperature difference may be smaller-the main point you should take away from this
exercises is that the numbers above are the theoretical maximum for an ideal engine-yes, the theoretical
maximum efficiency is nowhere near 100%.

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