(a) We select at random a subject who had a mammogram. What is the probability that she is divorced or separated? (b) We select at random a subject who had a mammogram and learn that she is Hispanic. With that information, what is the probability that she is married? (c) We select at random a subject who had a mammogram. What is the probability that she is non- Hispanic and divorced or separated?
Coughlin et al. (A-9) examined the breast and cervical screening practices of Hispanic and non- Hispanic women in counties that approximate the U.S. southern border region. The study used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys of adults age 18 years or older conducted in 1999 and 2000. The table below reports the number of observations of Hispanic and non-Hispanic women who had received a mammogram in the past 2 years cross-classified with marital status.
(b) Objective
(f) Mutually exclusive
(j) Conditional probability
(l) The multiplication rule (n) False positive
(p) Sensitivity
(r) Predictive value positive
(t) Bayes’s theorem
86 CHAPTER 3
SOME BASIC PROBABILITY CONCEPTS
Marital Status
Currently Married
Divorced or Separated
Widowed 88 Never Married or Living As 41 an Unmarried Couple
Total 578
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic Total
738 1057 329 459 402 490
95 136
1564 2142
319 130
4.
Source: Steven S. Coughlin, Robert J. Uhler, Thomas Richards, and Katherine M. Wilson, “Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Practices Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Women Residing Near the United States–Mexico Border, 1999–2000,” Family and Community Health, 26 (2003), 130–139.
(a) We select at random a subject who had a mammogram. What is the probability that she is divorced or separated?
(b) We select at random a subject who had a mammogram and learn that she is Hispanic. With that information, what is the probability that she is married?
(c) We select at random a subject who had a mammogram. What is the probability that she is non- Hispanic and divorced or separated?
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