A W 6 x 9 is used as a purlin for a roof truss. The top chord of the truss is inclined at 26.6° from the horizontal. Distance between trusses is 5.6 m and sag rods are used at the midpoints between trusses. Full lateral support is assumed to be supplied from the roof above. Given: Live load = 1440 Pa Dead load including weight of purlins and roof materials = 430 Pa Spacing of purlins = 1.4 m Assume all loads is acting at the top of the purlins Properties of W6x9 d = 149.86 mm b₁ = 100.08 mm t₁ = 5.46 mm Zx = 102 (10³) mm³ Sy = 18 (10³) mm³ Z₁ = 28 (103) mm³ Fy = 345 MPa Sx = 91 (103) mm³ Compute the factored load moment about the y-axis. y= 23mm

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Braced cuts

The braced cut is a method of providing lateral support to the soil in foundation trenches, to prevent the trenches from deformation by the caving in of soil and resisting it from moving laterally. During shallow excavation in firm soil, generally, slopes are provided to resist the caving in of soil. During shallow excavation in soft soil and deep excavation, the chances of caving in of soil increase. Hence, it becomes necessary to make a provision to resist the deformation of trenches due to caving in of soil. The braced cut is the method used for such conditions. The excavation using braced cuts is a bit uneconomical as compared to the traditional open-cut excavation method but provides better safety than the cut excavation method.