A Using London forces and dipole dipòle forces, state the kind of intermolecular force(s) present between molecules of the following substances in their liquid or solid state: (a) water (solvent) (b) carbon dioxide (dry ice) (c) methane (in natural gas) (d) ethanol (beverage alcohol) (e) ammonia (cleaning agent), O iodine (disinfectant) dinole forces

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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A Using London forces and dipole ¬dipòle forces, state the kind of intermolecular
force(s) present between molecules of the following substances in their liquid or solid
state:
(a) water (solvent)
(b) carbon dioxide (dry ice)
(c) methane (in natural gas)
(d) ethanol (beverage alcohol)
(e) ammonia (cleaning agent),
O iodine (disinfectant)
2. Which compound in each of the following pairs has stronger dipole-dipole forces
than the other in their liquid or solid state? Provide your reasoning.
(a) hydrogen chloride or hydrogen fluoride
(b) chloromethane, CH,CI(g), or iodomethane, CH,I)
(c) nitrogen tribromide or ammonia
(d) water or hydrogen sulfide
3. Based upon London force theory, which of the following pure substances has the
stronger London forces in their liquid or solid state? Provide your reasoning.
(a) methane, CH,, or ethane, C,H6
(b) oxygen or nitrogen
(c) sulfur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide
(d) methane or ammonia
4. Based upon dipole-dipole and London forces, predict, where possible, which
molecular substance in the following pairs has the higher boiling point. Provide you
reasoning.
(a) boron trifluoride or nitrogen trifluoride
(b) chloromethane or ethane
5. Why is it difficult to predict whether NF, or Cl,0 has the higher boiling point?
6. Using a chemical reference, look up the boiling points for the substances in ques
4 and 5. Evaluate your predictions for question 4.
Transcribed Image Text:A Using London forces and dipole ¬dipòle forces, state the kind of intermolecular force(s) present between molecules of the following substances in their liquid or solid state: (a) water (solvent) (b) carbon dioxide (dry ice) (c) methane (in natural gas) (d) ethanol (beverage alcohol) (e) ammonia (cleaning agent), O iodine (disinfectant) 2. Which compound in each of the following pairs has stronger dipole-dipole forces than the other in their liquid or solid state? Provide your reasoning. (a) hydrogen chloride or hydrogen fluoride (b) chloromethane, CH,CI(g), or iodomethane, CH,I) (c) nitrogen tribromide or ammonia (d) water or hydrogen sulfide 3. Based upon London force theory, which of the following pure substances has the stronger London forces in their liquid or solid state? Provide your reasoning. (a) methane, CH,, or ethane, C,H6 (b) oxygen or nitrogen (c) sulfur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide (d) methane or ammonia 4. Based upon dipole-dipole and London forces, predict, where possible, which molecular substance in the following pairs has the higher boiling point. Provide you reasoning. (a) boron trifluoride or nitrogen trifluoride (b) chloromethane or ethane 5. Why is it difficult to predict whether NF, or Cl,0 has the higher boiling point? 6. Using a chemical reference, look up the boiling points for the substances in ques 4 and 5. Evaluate your predictions for question 4.
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