A university counselor believes that hypnosis is more effective than the standard treatment given to students who have high test anxiety. To test his belief, he randomly divides 22 students with high test anxiety into two groups. One of the groups receives the hypnosis treatment, and the other group receives the standard treatment. When the treatments are concluded, each student is given a test anxiety questionnaire. High scores on the questionnaire indicate high anxiety. The following are the results: Hypnosis Treatment Standard Treatment 20 42 21 35 33 30 40 53 24 57 43 26 48 37 31 30 22 51 44 62 30 59 a) What is the alternative hypothesis? Assume there is sufficient basis for a directional hypothesis. b) What is the null hypothesis? c) Using the Mann-Whitney U test and α = 0.051tail, what do you conclude?

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 A university counselor believes that hypnosis is more effective than the standard treatment given to students who have high test anxiety. To test his belief, he randomly divides 22 students with high test anxiety into two groups. One of the groups receives the hypnosis treatment, and the other group receives the standard treatment. When the treatments are concluded, each student is given a test anxiety questionnaire. High scores on the questionnaire indicate high anxiety. The following are the results:

Hypnosis Treatment Standard Treatment
20 42
21 35
33 30
40 53
24 57
43 26
48 37
31 30
22 51
44 62
30 59

a) What is the alternative hypothesis? Assume there is sufficient basis for a directional hypothesis.

b) What is the null hypothesis?

c) Using the Mann-Whitney U test and α = 0.051tail, what do you conclude?

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