(a) The number of reported traffic accidents at a dangerous crossroads each month is believed to follow a Poisson distribution, Poi(u). Seven accidents occur during a particular month. Estimate µ, giving approximate error bounds (± 2 × standard error). Suppose that the actual value of u is 4 accidents/month. Find (i) the probability of obtaining a value as large as, or larger than 7 on any given month. (ii) the mean and variance of the total number of accidents likely to be reported during a full year.
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
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