(a) The Columbus Zoo conducts a study to determinewhether a household's income can be used to predictthe amount of money the household will give to thezoo's annual fund drive. The response variable in thisstudy isA. all households in Columbus.B. the Columbus Zoo.C. a household's income.D. the amount of money a household gives to thezoo's annual fund drive.E. None of the above.(b) A researcher wishes to determine whether the rate ofwater flow (in liters per second) over an experimentalsoil bed can be used to predict the amount of soilwashed away (in kilograms). In this study, theexplanatory variable is theA. rate of water flow.B. amount of eroded soil.C. depth of the soil bed.D. size of the soil bed.E. None of the above.(c) A researcher measures the correlation between twovariables. This correlation tells usA. whether or not a scatterplot shows an interestingpattern.B. the strength of a straight line relation between twovariables.C. whether a cause-and-effect relation existsbetween two variables.D. whether there is a relation between two variables.E. None of the above.

a) The zoo conducts whether a household’s income can be used to predict the amount of money the household will give to the zoo’s annual fund drive.The response or dependent variable is estimated using the explanatory or independent variable. In this case, the variable, which is needed to estimate is the amount of money the household will give to the zoo’s annual fund drive based on the household’s income. Hence, the response variable is “the amount of money the household give to the zoo’s annual fund drive”. Correct option is D. b) The researcher wished to know whether the rate of water flow over an experimental soil bed can be used to predict the amount of soil washed away. In this case, the variable, which is needed to estimate is the amount of soil washed away, based on the rate of water flow. Hence, the explanatory variable is “the rate of water flow”. Correct option is A. c) The correlation measured the strength and direction of only linear relationship between two variables. That is, a correlation tells us the strength of a straight line relation between wo variables. Correct option is B.