A study was conducted to investigate whether local car mechanics charge women more than men for an alternator repair. The researcher selected randomly one man and one woman from everyone who had used the same mechanic for the same alternator repair. The process was repeated for a total of six selected randomly cars. The repair prices and the differences (Women – Men) are shown in the table. Do the data provide convincing statistical evidence that women pay more than men for the same alternator repair?

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Types of Bias

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative parameter being estimated. According to the actual definition of bias, it refers to the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter.