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A study of seat belt users and nonusers yielded the randomly selected sample data summarized in the accompanying table. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. A plausible theory is tha people who smoke are less concerned about their health and safety and are therefore less inclined to wear seat belts. Is this theory supported by the sample data? E Click the icon to view the data table. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses. - X More info O A. Ho: The amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. H,: The amount of smoking is not independent of seat belt use. O B. Ho: Heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. H,: Heavy smokers are not less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. Number of Cigarettes Smoked per Day - 15-34 35 and over 1-14 23 20 Wear Seat Belts 158 47 Don't Wear Seat Belts 149 42 9 OC. Ho: Heavy smokers are not less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. H: Heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. O D. Ho: The amount of smoking is dependent upon seat belt use. H: The amount of smoking is not dependent upon seat belt use. Print Done Determine the test statistic. 2= (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Determine the P-value of the test statistic. P.Value = (Round to three decimal places as needed.)

A study of seat belt users and nonusers yielded the randomly selected sample data summarized in the accompanying table. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. A plausible theory is tha people who smoke are less concerned about their health and safety and are therefore less inclined to wear seat belts. Is this theory supported by the sample data? E Click the icon to view the data table. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses. - X More info O A. Ho: The amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. H,: The amount of smoking is not independent of seat belt use. O B. Ho: Heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. H,: Heavy smokers are not less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. Number of Cigarettes Smoked per Day - 15-34 35 and over 1-14 23 20 Wear Seat Belts 158 47 Don't Wear Seat Belts 149 42 9 OC. Ho: Heavy smokers are not less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. H: Heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. O D. Ho: The amount of smoking is dependent upon seat belt use. H: The amount of smoking is not dependent upon seat belt use. Print Done Determine the test statistic. 2= (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Determine the P-value of the test statistic. P.Value = (Round to three decimal places as needed.)

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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# Study of Seat Belt Use and Smoking Habits This content describes a statistical study involving the usage of seat belts among smokers and non-smokers. The study aims to test whether the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use, utilizing a significance level of 0.05. ## Hypotheses **Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)):** The amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. **Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)):** The amount of smoking is not independent of seat belt use. Options: - **A:** \(H_0\): Independent; \(H_1\): Not independent. - **B:** \(H_0\): Heavy smokers are less likely; \(H_1\): Not less likely. - **C:** \(H_0\): Not less likely; \(H_1\): Less likely. - **D:** \(H_0\): Dependent; \(H_1\): Not dependent. ## Data Table The table below summarizes the data collected from the study. | | Number of Cigarettes Smoked per Day | |----------------------|-----------------------------------| | | 0 | 1–14 | 15–34 | 35 and over | | **Wear Seat Belts** | 158 | 23 | 47 | 7 | | **Don’t Wear Seat Belts** | 149 | 20 | 42 | 9 | ## Statistical Analysis ### Determine the Test Statistic - Calculate the \( \chi^2 \) test statistic (rounded to three decimal places as needed). ### Determine the P-Value - Calculate the P-value of the test statistic (rounded to three decimal places as needed). The results of this analysis will help determine if smoking habits influence seat belt use. **Note:** The instructions for calculations suggest using methods like the Chi-square test to analyze the independence between smoking habits and seat belt usage.
Transcribed Image Text:# Study of Seat Belt Use and Smoking Habits This content describes a statistical study involving the usage of seat belts among smokers and non-smokers. The study aims to test whether the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use, utilizing a significance level of 0.05. ## Hypotheses **Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)):** The amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. **Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)):** The amount of smoking is not independent of seat belt use. Options: - **A:** \(H_0\): Independent; \(H_1\): Not independent. - **B:** \(H_0\): Heavy smokers are less likely; \(H_1\): Not less likely. - **C:** \(H_0\): Not less likely; \(H_1\): Less likely. - **D:** \(H_0\): Dependent; \(H_1\): Not dependent. ## Data Table The table below summarizes the data collected from the study. | | Number of Cigarettes Smoked per Day | |----------------------|-----------------------------------| | | 0 | 1–14 | 15–34 | 35 and over | | **Wear Seat Belts** | 158 | 23 | 47 | 7 | | **Don’t Wear Seat Belts** | 149 | 20 | 42 | 9 | ## Statistical Analysis ### Determine the Test Statistic - Calculate the \( \chi^2 \) test statistic (rounded to three decimal places as needed). ### Determine the P-Value - Calculate the P-value of the test statistic (rounded to three decimal places as needed). The results of this analysis will help determine if smoking habits influence seat belt use. **Note:** The instructions for calculations suggest using methods like the Chi-square test to analyze the independence between smoking habits and seat belt usage.
Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. A plausible theory is that people who smoke are less concerned about their health and safety and are therefore less inclined to wear seat belts. Is this theory supported by the sample data? - ○ A. There is sufficient evidence to reject the claim that heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. The theory is supported by the sample data. - ○ B. There is sufficient evidence to reject the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. The theory is not supported by the sample data. - ○ C. There is not sufficient evidence to reject the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. The theory is not supported by the sample data. - ○ D. There is not sufficient evidence to reject the claim that heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. The theory is supported by the sample data.
Transcribed Image Text:Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. A plausible theory is that people who smoke are less concerned about their health and safety and are therefore less inclined to wear seat belts. Is this theory supported by the sample data? - ○ A. There is sufficient evidence to reject the claim that heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. The theory is supported by the sample data. - ○ B. There is sufficient evidence to reject the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. The theory is not supported by the sample data. - ○ C. There is not sufficient evidence to reject the claim that the amount of smoking is independent of seat belt use. The theory is not supported by the sample data. - ○ D. There is not sufficient evidence to reject the claim that heavy smokers are less likely than non-smokers to wear a seat belt. The theory is supported by the sample data.
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