**Breast Cancer Study in Postmenopausal Women**A study was conducted on postmenopausal women to investigate the potential link between estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and invasive breast cancer. This study included 500 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (cases) and 500 women without breast cancer (controls), matched by age and residence location. The subjects were categorized based on their use of ERT. The data collected is summarized below:| **Status** | **Cases** | **Controls** ||--------------------------------|----------|-------------|| Estrogen Replacement Therapy | 250 | 100 || No ERT | 250 | 400 |**Question:**What is the parameter of interest to be estimated in the study?- Difference in Prevalence- Odds Ratio- Relative Risk- Difference in IncidenceThe parameter of interest in this study is most likely the Odds Ratio, as it compares the odds of ERT usage between the cases and controls.

Parameter : Parameters are numbers that summarize the data for an entire population. P

Answered: A study of breast cancer in…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the official unemployment rate for Black people was 10.4% and 4.7% for White people in February 2015. Select all correct answers for this question. O The samples of white and black people are independent. The explanatory variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is race.
A researcher gathered a sample of participants who volunteered for a studying of phobias. She measured anxiety level of participants as they viewed photos of spiders and again when they viewed puppies. Which statistical test is appropriate for this study and why?
A food-frequency questionnaire is used to measure dietary intake. The respondent specifies the number of servings of various food items they consumed over the previous week. The dietary cholesterol is then quantified for each respondent. The researchers were interested in assessing if there was an association between dietary cholesterol intake and high blood pressure. In a large sample of individuals who had completed the questionnaire, 250 persons with a high dietary cholesterol intake (greater than 300 mg /day) were selected and 250 persons with a low dietary cholesterol intake (less than 300 mg/day) were selected. The 500 selected participants had their medical history taken and were classified as having normal or high blood pressure. The data are given here. Dietary Cholesterol Blood Pressure Total High Low High 159 91 250 Low 78 172 250 Total 237 263 500 Test 2: two-tailed test for comparing two independent proportions Clearly state…
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Part 1 of 4 A doctor in Oklahoma City wants to know whether the average life span for heart disease patients at four hospitals in the city differ. The data below represents the life span, in years, of heart disease patients from each hospital. Perform an ANOVA test with a 10% level of significance to test whether the average life span of heart disease patients in Oklahoma City differs depending on the hospital that treats them Life Span of Patients Treated at Hospital 1: 8.1, 1.2, 7, 11.5, 21, 2, 15.3, 19.2, 10.5, 15.4, 12.7, 15.3, 12.1, 7.5, 11.4, 16.4, 26.7, 14.6, 1.5, 16.3, 12.6, 0.8, 18.2, 4.2, 9.6, 21, 16.3, 2.7 Life Span of Patients Treated at Hospital 2: 17.6, 11.6, 16.8, 5.2, 6.7, 3.2, 13.8, 12.5, 0.9, 6, 14.3, 1.8, 14.8, 10, 5.8, 15.2, 10, 3.7, 11.4, 21.6, 12.9, 0.5, 9.2, 13.9, 10.9 Life Span of Patients Treated at Hospital 3: 8.5, 2.3, 11, 7.4, 14.8, 5.8, 11, 3.4, 10.9, 1.1, 5.9, 21.6, 12.5, 0.1, 15.5, 15.4, 0.8, 7.7, 5.6, 12, 7.1 Life Span of Patients Treated at Hospital 4:…
What type of study is this? A first-year university unit wanted to give option of online teaching to determine whether online teaching improved learning outcomes. Students were allowed to enrol into online or on-campus classes. Grades at the end of semester were compared. Select one: O Experimental O Something else O Observational
Recent research indicates that the effectiveness of antidepressant medication is directly related to the severity of the depression (Khan, Brodhead, Kolts & Brown, 2005). Based on pretreatment depression scores, patients were divided into four groups based on their level of depression. After receiving the antidepressant medication, depression scores were measured again and the amount of improvement was recorded for each patient. The following data are similar to the results of the study. Low Moderate High Moderate Moderately Severe Severe 1.6 2.9 3.8 3.4 0.9 1.3 3 2.8 1.8 3.1 3.3 3.2 2.7 3.7 2.4 4.9 3.8 2.9 3.7 3.2 4.9 1.7 From this table, conduct an one-way ANOVA. Calculate the F-ratio and p-value. Be sure to round your answers to three decimal places. Assume all population and ANOVA requirements are met. F-ratio: p-value: What is your final conclusion? Use a significance level of a = 0.01. O There is sufficient evidence that there exists a significant difference between treatments. O…
A team of epidemiologists at the Mayo Clinic wanted to find whether there is an association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). They conducted a prospective cohort study following obese and non-obese individuals who were free of CVD at the beginning of study for five years. The investigators were also interested in assessing age as a potential confounder, effect modifier, or both. Use the data below to answer the accompanying questions. CVD No CVD Total Obese 10 90 100 Not Obese 35 465 500 Total 45 555 600 CVD No CVD Total Obese 36 164 200 Not Obese 25 175 200 Total 61 339 400 1. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were less than age 50. 2. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were older or equal to age 50. 3. Compute the crude measure of association? 4. List three attributes that age must satisfy before it could…

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