A steady one-dimensional isentropic flow in variable area passages is called “variable area flow”. In this case, the heat transfer is negligible and there is no other irreversibility due to fluid friction. The following relation is for steady one-dimensional isentropic compressible flow through a duct; where A is the cross-sectional area of the duct, V is the fluid velocity, and Ma is the Mach number. With relevant sketching, analyze its implication in the design of converging nozzles and diffusers if Ma is greater than 1.

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Q: (a) Write Area-Velocity relation for compressible flows through a supersonic Convergent-Divergent…

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Q: Can the Mach number of a fluid be greater than 1 after a normal shock wave? Explain.

A: Normal shock wave: The normal shock waves for supersonic flow are most likely to occurs in the…

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A: Please go through the below answer. This is the second time I'm answering this questionExplanation:

Q: Air enters a converging–diverging nozzle, as shown at 1.0 MPa and 800 K with negligible velocity.…

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Q: onsider an ideal nozzle of a rocket flying at an altitude where the ambient pressure and mperature…

A: 1) to calculate the nozzle supply pressure, throat area and mass flow rate at ambient pressure 2)…

Q: Q.2 Air which enters a diverging duct is slowed by a normal shock wave, as shown in figure. The…

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Q: Air flowing at 32 kPa, 240 K, and Ma1 = 3.6 is forced to undergo an expansion turn of 15°. Determine…

A: Given, P1 = 32 kPa, T1 = 240 K Ma1 = 3.6 δ= 15° The deflection angle is equal to the wedge…

Q: For oblique shock, the downstream * Mach number is always less than unity O may be less or more than…

A: For a given Mach number, M1, and corner angle, θ, the oblique shock angle, β, and the downstream…

Q: At the entry of a diverging section, the temperature of a gas is 27*C, and the Mach number is 1.5.…

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Q: 4 During the Rayleigh process if the flow is supersonic, due to cooling the velocity all the above…

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Q: A supersonic aircraft at an altitude of 3 km at constant velocity of 650 m/s. the aircraft passes…

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Q: A flow of air with Mach number M1 = 2, pressure p1 = 0.7 atm, and temperature 630 deg R is turned…

A: The data given is, δ=26.38° M1=2 P1=0.7 atm T1=630°R

Q: Air is cooled as it flows through a 30-cm-diameter duct. The inlet conditions are Ma1 = 1.2, T01 =…

A: Given, Ma1 = 1.2, T01 = 350 K, P01 = 240 kPa  Ma2 = 2.0 diameter of duct (d) = 30 cm

Q: 3. Air enters a converging-diverging nozzle at 1.50 MPa and 900 K with a negligible velocity. The…

A: A converging diverging nozzle is a type of nozzle to produces an exhaust thrust with the help of the…

Q: The Fanning equation is essentially the same as the Darcy-Weisbach equation but differs by their…

A: Darcy's-Weisbach equation is an expression used for calculating major head loss due to friction in…

Q: Consider air entering a heated duct at p1 = 1 atm and T1 = 288 K. Ignore the effect of friction.…

A: p1 = 1 atm T1 = 288 K M1 = 2.2   To find: The amount of heat per unit mass,q.

Properties of Pure Substances

A substance with fixed chemical composition throughout is called a pure substance like water, air, and nitrogen. A pure substance does not have to be a single element or compound. A mixture of two or more phases of a pure substance is also a pure substance as long as the chemical composition is the same for all phases. These substances mainly have a constant/ uniform composition. The substances also have fixed boiling and melting points. A pure substance takes part in a chemical reaction to form predictable products.