A) State superposition theorem. B) Use superposition to determine the current i2 if vs=10V, is=2A, R1=522, R2=2Q2, R3= R₂ www. VS R₁ www is 12 R3

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### State Superposition Theorem

#### Explanation and Application

**A) State Superposition Theorem:**
The superposition theorem states that in any linear circuit with multiple independent sources, the response (voltage or current) in any element of the circuit is the algebraic sum of the responses caused by each independent source acting alone, while all other independent sources are turned off (replaced by their internal impedances).

**B) Use Superposition to Determine the Current \( i_2 \):**

Given:

- Voltage source, \( v_s = 10V \)
- Current source, \( i_s = 2A \)
- Resistor \( R_1 = 5Ω \)
- Resistor \( R_2 = 2Ω \)
- Resistor \( R_3 = 4Ω \)

#### Steps to Determine the Current \( i_2 \):

**1. Circuit Analysis with \( v_s \) Active and \( i_s \) Deactivated:**
- Replace \( i_s \) with an open circuit.
- Analyze the resulting series-parallel circuit to find \( i_2 \).

**2. Circuit Analysis with \( i_s \) Active and \( v_s \) Deactivated:**
- Replace \( v_s \) with a short circuit.
- Analyze the resulting circuit to find the contribution of current \( i_2 \).

**3. Combine the Results:**
- Sum the individual currents to find the total \( i_2 \) in the original circuit utilizing the principle of superposition.

#### Detailed Analysis:

**Step 1:** 
When considering \( v_s = 10V \) and \( i_s \) deactivated (open circuit):
- The circuit reduces to a simple voltage divider between \( R_1 \), \( R_2 \), and \( R_3 \).
- Calculate the equivalent resistance seen by the voltage source.
- Find the voltage across \( R_3 \) and then compute the current \( i_{2(v_s)} \).

**Step 2:**
When considering \( i_s = 2A \) and \( v_s \) deactivated (short circuit):
- The current divides between \( R_2 \) and \( R_3 \) when \( R_1 \) is bypassed by the short.
- Analyze the current distribution and find the effective current \( i_{2(i_s)} \).

**Step 3:**
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Transcribed Image Text:### State Superposition Theorem #### Explanation and Application **A) State Superposition Theorem:** The superposition theorem states that in any linear circuit with multiple independent sources, the response (voltage or current) in any element of the circuit is the algebraic sum of the responses caused by each independent source acting alone, while all other independent sources are turned off (replaced by their internal impedances). **B) Use Superposition to Determine the Current \( i_2 \):** Given: - Voltage source, \( v_s = 10V \) - Current source, \( i_s = 2A \) - Resistor \( R_1 = 5Ω \) - Resistor \( R_2 = 2Ω \) - Resistor \( R_3 = 4Ω \) #### Steps to Determine the Current \( i_2 \): **1. Circuit Analysis with \( v_s \) Active and \( i_s \) Deactivated:** - Replace \( i_s \) with an open circuit. - Analyze the resulting series-parallel circuit to find \( i_2 \). **2. Circuit Analysis with \( i_s \) Active and \( v_s \) Deactivated:** - Replace \( v_s \) with a short circuit. - Analyze the resulting circuit to find the contribution of current \( i_2 \). **3. Combine the Results:** - Sum the individual currents to find the total \( i_2 \) in the original circuit utilizing the principle of superposition. #### Detailed Analysis: **Step 1:** When considering \( v_s = 10V \) and \( i_s \) deactivated (open circuit): - The circuit reduces to a simple voltage divider between \( R_1 \), \( R_2 \), and \( R_3 \). - Calculate the equivalent resistance seen by the voltage source. - Find the voltage across \( R_3 \) and then compute the current \( i_{2(v_s)} \). **Step 2:** When considering \( i_s = 2A \) and \( v_s \) deactivated (short circuit): - The current divides between \( R_2 \) and \( R_3 \) when \( R_1 \) is bypassed by the short. - Analyze the current distribution and find the effective current \( i_{2(i_s)} \). **Step 3:** Add
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