A spent sulfuric acid stream from a nitration process consists of 30. wt% H2SO4 in water. This dilute acid is to be strengthened by the addition of a stream of 90. wt% sulfuric acid, and a stream of 90. wt% nitric acid (HNO). The product stream is to consist of 40. wt% sulfuric acid and 40, wt% nitric acid. The resulting mixture is produced at 100. Ib»/min. Calculate the quantities of spent and concentrated acids that should be mixed to produce the fortified acid mix. Perform a DOF analysis to show tha a solution is possible. You must DRAW A DIAGRAM and SHOW YOUR WORK. Constraints Flow Composition Performance Material Balances Variables Stream System Total Total
A spent sulfuric acid stream from a nitration process consists of 30. wt% H2SO4 in water. This dilute acid is to be strengthened by the addition of a stream of 90. wt% sulfuric acid, and a stream of 90. wt% nitric acid (HNO). The product stream is to consist of 40. wt% sulfuric acid and 40, wt% nitric acid. The resulting mixture is produced at 100. Ib»/min. Calculate the quantities of spent and concentrated acids that should be mixed to produce the fortified acid mix. Perform a DOF analysis to show tha a solution is possible. You must DRAW A DIAGRAM and SHOW YOUR WORK. Constraints Flow Composition Performance Material Balances Variables Stream System Total Total
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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Question
can u explain the work behind this
I don't agree with the system of eqss
please expand on them because I'm getting a different number
a+b+c=1000
c=400/9
Transcribed Image Text:A spent sulfuric acid stream from a nitration process consists of 30 wt% H2SO4 in water. This dilute acid is to be strengthened by the addition of a stream of 90 wt% sulfuric acid, and a stream of 90 wt% nitric acid (HNO3). The product stream is to consist of 40 wt% sulfuric acid and 40 wt% nitric acid. The resulting mixture is produced at 100 lb/min. Calculate the quantities of spent and concentrated acids that should be mixed to produce the fortified acid mix. Perform a DOF analysis to show that a solution is possible. You must DRAW A DIAGRAM and SHOW YOUR WORK.
| Variables | Constraints |
|-----------|----------------------|
| Stream | Flow |
| System | Composition |
| | Performance |
| | Material Balances |
| Total | Total |
![The image contains a flow diagram and accompanying calculations for a chemical process involving sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and nitric acid (HNO₃).
### Diagram Explanation:
1. **Flow Diagram:**
- The diagram is a flowchart with three inlets and one outlet.
- Inlet A: Contains 30% H₂SO₄.
- Inlet B: Contains 90% H₂SO₄.
- Inlet C: Contains 90% HNO₃.
- The outlet flow is 100 lbm/min with 40% H₂SO₄ and 40% HNO₃.
### Calculations:
1. **Overall HNO₃ Balance:**
\[
c \times 0.9 = 100 \times 0.4
\]
Solving this gives:
\[
c = \frac{400}{a} \, \text{lbm/min}
\]
2. **H₂SO₄ Balance:**
\[
0.3A + 0.9B = 100 \times 0.4 = 40 \quad \text{(Equation 1)}
\]
3. **Overall Balance:**
\[
A + B + C = 100
\]
\[
A + B = 100 - \frac{400}{a} = \frac{500}{a} \quad \text{(Equation 2)}
\]
4. **Solution from Equations:**
From Equations 1 and 2:
\[
B = 38.888 \, \text{lbm/hr}
\]
\[
A = 16.66 \, \text{lbm/hr}
\]
5. **Degree of Freedom Analysis:**
\[
\text{Degree of freedom} = \text{Number of unknowns} - \text{Number of independent material balance equations}
\]
\[
= 3 \, (A, B, C) - 3 \, (\text{for HNO₃, H₂SO₄, H₂O})
\]
Resulting in:
\[
\text{Degree of freedom} = 0
\]
This analysis indicates that the number of independent equations](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F63f5865a-7713-44c4-be73-1c5678c4385b%2F8baf2f32-2fee-4cac-bdb8-68a05ca85c24%2Fmv3zizn_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:The image contains a flow diagram and accompanying calculations for a chemical process involving sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and nitric acid (HNO₃).
### Diagram Explanation:
1. **Flow Diagram:**
- The diagram is a flowchart with three inlets and one outlet.
- Inlet A: Contains 30% H₂SO₄.
- Inlet B: Contains 90% H₂SO₄.
- Inlet C: Contains 90% HNO₃.
- The outlet flow is 100 lbm/min with 40% H₂SO₄ and 40% HNO₃.
### Calculations:
1. **Overall HNO₃ Balance:**
\[
c \times 0.9 = 100 \times 0.4
\]
Solving this gives:
\[
c = \frac{400}{a} \, \text{lbm/min}
\]
2. **H₂SO₄ Balance:**
\[
0.3A + 0.9B = 100 \times 0.4 = 40 \quad \text{(Equation 1)}
\]
3. **Overall Balance:**
\[
A + B + C = 100
\]
\[
A + B = 100 - \frac{400}{a} = \frac{500}{a} \quad \text{(Equation 2)}
\]
4. **Solution from Equations:**
From Equations 1 and 2:
\[
B = 38.888 \, \text{lbm/hr}
\]
\[
A = 16.66 \, \text{lbm/hr}
\]
5. **Degree of Freedom Analysis:**
\[
\text{Degree of freedom} = \text{Number of unknowns} - \text{Number of independent material balance equations}
\]
\[
= 3 \, (A, B, C) - 3 \, (\text{for HNO₃, H₂SO₄, H₂O})
\]
Resulting in:
\[
\text{Degree of freedom} = 0
\]
This analysis indicates that the number of independent equations
Expert Solution
Step 1
The spent acid is mixed with concentrated acid to increase the strength of resulting acid mixture.
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